How Mountain Geometry Affects Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Interactions: Part I. Shallow Convective Clouds

Seo, Jaemyeong Mango; Lee, Hyunho; Moon, Sungju; Baik, Jong‐Jin

doi:10.2151/jmsj.2020-003

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In contrast to previous studies using TaiwanVVM, this study uses the Predicted Particle Properties (P3; Morrison and Milbrandt, 2015) microphysics scheme, implemented by Huang and Wu (2020) in VVM, to enable capturing the influences of aerosols on cloud microphysics while the aerosols are not scavenged by precipitation. The other physical parameterizations used in TaiwanVVM are the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for GCMs (RRTMG; Iacono et al, 2008), the fluxprofile relationship of Deardorff (1972) to estimate the surface fluxes, and the eddy viscosity and diffusivity coefficients depending on deformation and stability (Shutts and Gray, 1994) as the first-order turbulence closure.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have introduced the aerosol effects on convective precipitation under different orographic regimes. Seo et al (2020) showed that the upslope geometry could control the precipitation of shallow convective clouds over a bell-shaped mountain by conducting two-dimensional idealized simulations. Several simulations concluded that the aerosol effects suppressed the precipitation of shallow convective clouds in the mountain ranges of the North American Cordillera (Lynn et al, 2007;Jirak and Cotton, 2006;Givati and Rosenfeld, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tracking the influence of cloud condensation nuclei on summer diurnal precipitating systems over complex topography in Taiwan

Chang

Chen

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. This study focuses on how aerosols, serving as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), affect the properties of the summertime diurnal precipitation under the weak synoptic weather regime over complex topography in Taiwan. Semi-realistic large-eddy simulations (LESs) were carried out using the vector vorticity equation model with high-resolution Taiwan topography (TaiwanVVM) and driven by idealized observational soundings. Since the aerosol effects on convection could be specific during different stages of the life cycle, we perform object-based tracking analyses, which diagnose both the spatial and temporal connectivity of convective systems, to highlight the convective clouds that are locked by topography and reduce the stochastic features of convection. The statistical analyses on the tracked extreme convective systems highlight the differences in structural characteristics of convection between the experiments with clean and normal CCN scenarios. For the orographic-locking regime, the effects of CCN on the diurnal precipitating systems are more significant. The precipitation initiation is postponed significantly, which prolongs the development of local circulation and convection. The occurrence of the cloud objects with extreme maximum rain rates doubles. Also, the P99 of the maximum rain rate and the maximum cloud size during the lifetime of the diurnal precipitating systems increase by 16.9 % and 6.7 %, respectively. This study demonstrates that the object-based tracking analyses of extreme precipitating systems are useful to investigate the responses of orographic-driven diurnal convection to CCN.

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Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking the influence of cloud condensation nuclei on summer diurnal precipitating systems over complex topography in Taiwan

Chang

Chen

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Complex topography affects moisture flow patterns along the valleys, and solar forcing organizes mountainvalley circulations, which govern cloud organization when largescale moisture transport is weak at low levels or limited to higher levels in the atmosphere in the SAM (Wilson and Barros, 2015). Changes in latent heat in the vicinity of the orographic precipitation maximum contribute to enhancing mountain-valley circulations (Magagi and Barros, 2004;Seo et al, 2020). Barros et al (2018), using aerosol size distribution, chemical composition, and hygroscopicity measured in the inner region of the Central Himalayas by Shrestha et al (2013) during JAMEX (Lau et al, 2008), demonstrated the importance of using regional aerosol properties as opposed to standard continental aerosol on the dynamical evolution of an intense convective storm and modification of the vertical structure of hydrometeors including ice particles and the spatial distribution of precipitation, with implications for regional water resources (Shrestha, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol indirect effects on orographic clouds and precipitation

Chavez

Barros

2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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The sensitivity of warm orographic cloud development to aerosol indirect effects was investigated through aerosol-aware Weather Research and Forecast model simulations contrasting aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions using the default (generic) aerosol and regional aerosol measurements from the Integrated Precipitation and Hydrology Experiment in the Southern Appalachian Mountains for three rainfall events: 1) enhanced local convection; 2) a frontal system, and 3) a tropical system. Using the regional aerosol activation spectrum yields higher number of drops than using the default, smaller cloud droplets and delayed rainfall onset under weak synoptic forcing conditions. Evaluation against aircraft measurements in isolated convective clouds reveals that while the model microphysics falls short of reproducing the vertical structure of nonprecipitating clouds, the liquid water content, and the concentration of cloud droplets near cloud base are in keeping with observations. The simulated cloud vertical structure shows the regional signature of orographic enhancement over the mountains vis-a-vis the adjacent plains. In the inner region, valley-ridge circulations organize the spatial patterns of cloudiness under weak synoptic forcing. The formation of early afternoon low-level clouds over the ridges in the summertime reflects the aerosol indirect effect. By contrast, for large-scale systems with strong and sustained moisture convergence at low levels (frontal and tropical systems), mechanically forced rainfall efficiency is enhanced, there is no delay in the onset of precipitation, and the aerosol indirect effect is negligible. This study shows that the impact of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions on the spatial variability of orographic rainfall is conditional on weather regime.

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“…Zhang, et al [32] showed that the Sichuan Basin led to an increase of 48 µg m −3 in the basin-averaged surface PM 2.5 , contributing about 44% to the PM 2.5 concentrations during heavy haze pollution, which indicated an important role of the basin topography in worsening air pollution. Meanwhile, high topography was also observed to noticeably affect the local atmospheric circulation, resulting in changes in precipitation and climate [33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Structures of Meteorological Elements and Black Carbon at Mt. Tianshan Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System

et al. 2021

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As the largest independent east–west-trending mountain in the world, Mt. Tianshan exerts crucial impacts on climate and pollutant distributions in central Asia. Here, the vertical structures of meteorological elements and black carbon (BC) were first derived at Mt. Tianshan using an unmanned aerial vehicle system (UAVS). Vertical changes in meteorological elements can directly affect the structure of the planet boundary layer (PBL). As such, the influences of topography and meteorological elements’ vertical structure on aerosol distributions were explored from observations and model simulations. The mass concentrations of BC changed slightly with the increasing height below 2300 m above sea level (a.s.l.), which significantly increased with the height between 2300–3500 m a.s.l. and contrarily decreased with ascending altitude higher than 3500 m. Topography and mountain–valley winds were found to play important roles in the distributions of aerosols and BC. The prevailing valley winds in the daytime were conducive to pollutant transport from surrounding cities to Mt. Tianshan, where the aerosol number concentration and BC mass concentration increased rapidly, whereas the opposite transport pattern dominated during nighttime.

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How Mountain Geometry Affects Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Interactions: Part I. Shallow Convective Clouds

Cited by 5 publications

References 64 publications

Tracking the influence of cloud condensation nuclei on summer diurnal precipitating systems over complex topography in Taiwan

Tracking the influence of cloud condensation nuclei on summer diurnal precipitating systems over complex topography in Taiwan

Aerosol indirect effects on orographic clouds and precipitation

Vertical Structures of Meteorological Elements and Black Carbon at Mt. Tianshan Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System

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