How Much Do They Make? A Systematic Review of Income Generated From Begging

Reinhard, Daniel

doi:10.1177/10575677211036498

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 66 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This study has several limitations worth mentioning. First, this study does not assess the economic viability of various income-generating activities (e.g., Conroy, 2001;Reinhard, 2021). Activities are unlikely to be equally lucrative, and the economic yield of certain activities may incentivize engaging in some activities more frequently than others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“I Know a Guy”: Examining Homeless Income Generation and Spatial Mobility

Reinhard¹,

Palys²

2022

Journal of Qualitative Criminal Justice &Amp; Criminology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study explores the variety of income-generating activities, along with corresponding distances that homeless and marginally housed persons travel to engage in the activities. Altogether 24 individuals were interviewed, and ethnographic field observations occurred over several months to increase rapport. The qualitatively gathered data were used in ArcGIS to calculate travel distances. These income-generating activities that persons engaged in were commonly forms of shadow work, and many kinds of incomegenerating activities were found. Among our sample, there appeared to be two distinct groups: those with more income methods and further travels, and those with fewer methods and shorter travels. The varied types of income-generating activities and corresponding mobility considerations are discussed.Although popular discourse often refers to "the homeless" as a homogeneous entity, the term has been used to describe people in various situations. Peters and Robillard (2009), for example, consider individuals who had no place to live but stayed with friends, family, or others in temporary housing. The National Alliance to End Homelessness (2012) also included people fleeing domestic violence households with limited housing alternatives, while Thomson's (2016, p.7) focus was on persons who "did not have a place of their own where they could expect to stay for more than 30 days and if they did not pay rent." The homeless have also been defined to include persons in temporary housing such as boarding houses, transition houses or shelters, persons staying at someone else's residence, persons in hospitals or transitioning into or out of jails with no fixed address (Thomson, 2016), as well as those living in "unstable housing" in shelters, on the street, in temporary accommodations or in single room occupancy (SRO) hotels (Corneil et al, 2006; Kruppa et al., 2021).Homelessness may also refer to people in "precarious housing," which includes persons in "marginal accommodation" such as SROs or persons who have experienced two or more periods of homelessness in the previous 12 months (Somers et al., 2016).There are also many known standard features of homelessness. For example, numerous studies commonly detail victimization concerns (Roy et al., 2014), encampments (Chamard, 2010), and crime (Fischer et al., 2008Garland et al., 2010). We also know that the homeless are forced into public spaces more frequently than domiciled persons and that this influences homeless mobility in several ways, even without considering the transportation disadvantages experienced by the poor (Hine & Mitchell, 2001). Homeless mobility is affected by urban planning (

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“I Know a Guy”: Examining Homeless Income Generation and Spatial Mobility

Reinhard¹,

Palys²

2022

Journal of Qualitative Criminal Justice &Amp; Criminology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While stories suggest that beggars may earn a lot, a recent systematic review concludes that the average income from begging is higher than for recycling or selling blood but less than from activities such as street entertaining, sale of items, theft, prostitution, and selling drugs (Reinhard 2023). According to recent research, a beggar seeking alms daily with a proper strategy can have a reasonably regular income (Lenhard 2021;Thomassen 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Begging for Knowledge in Senegal: Conflicting Understandings and Interests of the Dominant Anti-Trafficking Approach and Quranic Education

Boiro,

Einarsdóttir

2024

Social Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diverse actors, including foreign and national states, international agencies, donors, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and private ventures, demand, fund, and implement anti-trafficking activities worldwide. Bissau-Guinean Quran schoolboys begging in Senegalese cities are defined as victims of child trafficking, and their teachers as traffickers. This article aims to explore the Quran teachers’ understanding of begging and their response to being accused of child trafficking. It rests on data collected during anthropological fieldwork in Guinea-Bissau and Senegal since 2009, including interviews and participation in religious events. The Quran teachers, some of whom admit colleagues might exploit their students, highlight four aspects of begging: allowing poor populations economically to study the Quran; contributing to humbleness, humility, and empathy with underprivileged groups; redistributing resources across generations; and allowing the acquisition of knowledge, liberation, and power. They maintain that the NGOs are profiting from funds provided to “rescue” the students and act as real traffickers, and together with funders, they aim to eliminate Islam. Embedded in layers of coloniality, the Quran teachers keep their position as community leaders. Banning begging is bound to fail if the anti-trafficking NGOs ignore their understanding of meaningful suffering and begging, including the economic and religious aspects of alms-seeking and its reciprocal nature.

show abstract