How Much Seawater Passes through Sandy Beaches?

Riedl, Rupert

doi:10.1002/iroh.19710560604

Cited by 56 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…T h e frictional resistance to water flow through t h e sandy sediment a b o v e a p u m p i n g lugworm c a n b e estimated by m e a n s of Darcy's law. This empirical l a w states that the volu m e flow (Q) is inversely proportional to the thickness (or length A L) of a core of sediment a n d directly proportional to t h e applied pressure ( A H ) a n d t h e cross-sectional a r e a (A) of t h e core (Riedl 1971, Fetter 1994:…”

Section: Collection Lugwormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The lugworm (Arenicola marina) pump:characteristics, modelling and energy cost

Hu¹,

Berntsen²,

Tarp³

1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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ABSTRACT. The lugworm Arenicola manna was studied in an observation aquarium; the typical undisturbed stroke frequency of the piston pump was f = 6 to 7 strokes min-' A new expenmental setup was used for direct measurement of volume flow at zero and different imposed back pressures. The back pressure charactenstic was a nonllnear function, the stroke frequency being reduced with increasing imposed back pressure, attaining a maximal pressure head of 20 cm H 2 0 , which is 30 to 150 times higher than previously found in filter-feedlng macro-invertebrate pumps. The back pressurevolume flow charactenst~c was modelled. At the (assumed) normal operation pressure (5 cm HzO) the power output from the 'standard' (0 5 g dry wt) lugworm pump was calculated to be P, = 12.6 pW. The respiration rate (R, p1 O2 h-') measured in lugivorms kept in glass tubes was dependent on the stroke frequency and correlated with dry weight ( W , g) according to R = a W b , where a = 344 and b = 0.64 at f = 7 strokes min-l. The total respiration of the 'standard' worm was R,,, = 232 p1 O 2 h-' = 1281 pW, and thus the overall pump efficiency was p = P,/R,,, = 1 % which suggests that the energy cost of pumping is modest (<5%) The volume of water pumped per m1 oxygen consumed was only 0 4 1 ml-' 0, which is > l 0 0 times lower than values previously found for true filter-feeders. This very low value shoxvs that it IS unlikely that the lug~vorm can live by filter-feeding.

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Section: Collection Lugwormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The lugworm (Arenicola marina) pump:characteristics, modelling and energy cost

Hu¹,

Berntsen²,

Tarp³

1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…The slender body form and multiple adhesive organs equips these interstitial worms for littoral regions with various degrees of water flow, including both low-and high-energy beaches. On sandy, exposed beaches, wave impact and surge produce pulsatile, high laminar flows that percolate through the porous substrate and create ''stormy interstices'' (Riedl 1971). While little is known of the effects of these interstitial laminar flows on animal behavior (Crenshaw 1980), the morphology of the various species that inhabit the interstitial realm are recognized to display a variety of convergent adaptations to their physical environment (Swedmark 1964).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Musculature of the primitive gastrotrich Neodasys (Chaetonotida): functional adaptations to the interstitial environment and phylogenetic significance

Hochberg

2004

Marine Biology

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Gastrotrichs are acoelomate micrometazoans common to marine interstitial environments of sublittoral sediments and exposed sandy beaches. The genus Neodasys (Chaetonotida) contains three marine species known from oceans and seas worldwide, and figures prominently in discussions of gastrotrich origins. To gain insight into the phylogenetic position of Neodasys and to understand the adaptive significance of muscle anatomy in marine interstitial gastrotrichs, a fluorescent phalloidin-linked marker was used to view the organization of muscles in two species from North America and Australia. Muscular topography of Neodasys cirritus from Florida, USA, and Neodasys cf. uchidai from Queensland, Australia, was found to be similar between species and to basal species of Macrodasyida; muscles were present in circular, longitudinal and helicoidal patterns. Musculature of the midgut region was partially reduced relative to basal macrodasyidan gastrotrichs, but well developed relative to most other chaetonotidan gastrotrichs. In general, muscle patterns in species of Neodasys closely correspond with those of other gastrotrichs of similar size and body type, and may therefore reflect a common adaptive solution to the physical demands of the interstitial environment. Results also suggest that reductions in midgut musculature may be functionally related to oviposition and, as such, are probably not homologous with similar reductions of circular muscles in other species of Chaetonotida.

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“…Kohout (1965Kohout ( , 1967 and Kohout et al (1977) postulated thermal convection as a possible mechanism for seawater circulation in the Floridean plateau. Riedl (1971) and Riedl & Machan (1972) demonstrated the significance of surf action on the movement of seawater through marine sediments in the intertidal and subtidal zone of sandy beaches. Riedl et al (1972) also developed a mathematical equation to explain seawater circulation through marine sediments by means of subtidal pumping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of submarine groundwater discharge (SGWD) and seawater cycling to material flux across sediment/water interfaces in marine environments

Simmons¹

1992

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

207

129

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The movement of water across sedimenthater interfaces is very important to the ecology of aquatic habitats. Submarine groundwater discharge (SGWD) occurs primarily by advectlve flow and may be due to a variety of factors. In nearshore marine environments, the major factor 1s probably groundwater flow from upland regions. In oceanic environments, SGWD is probably influenced more by tides and surge action. SGWD, thercfore, represents various mixtures ot fresh g r o u n d w t e r and seawater This paper summarizes the first regional study of SGM'D and its attendant solutes in shallow estuarine, continental shelf and coral reef habitats, and calls attention to the magnitude of watrr volumes which appear to be circulating through manne sedimcnts. Data on SGWD from sltes in the Florida Keys and on the southeastern continental shelf of the U. and a mean influx of seawater to the sediments (ca 10.8 1 m-' d ' ) . Even though geohydrolocjical n~oclcls would predict coupling of SGWD with landbased hydraulic heads, definitive lower salinity SG\VD could not be detected. The dnving force seems to be subtidal pumping and much of the discharge measured was probably recycled seawater. This research also demonstrated that SGUID serves to move dissolved solutes into the \vater column, and could be a n important link in benthic-pelagic coupllng in continental shelf ecosystcrns.

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How Much Seawater Passes through Sandy Beaches?

Cited by 56 publications

References 21 publications

The lugworm (Arenicola marina) pump:characteristics, modelling and energy cost

The lugworm (Arenicola marina) pump:characteristics, modelling and energy cost

Musculature of the primitive gastrotrich Neodasys (Chaetonotida): functional adaptations to the interstitial environment and phylogenetic significance

Importance of submarine groundwater discharge (SGWD) and seawater cycling to material flux across sediment/water interfaces in marine environments

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