“…Instead, a standard approach is to explore the relationship between outside‐the‐scanner behavioral measures and patterns of brain activity (so‐called “brain–behavior relations”). This approach includes cross‐sectional comparisons, such as contrasting activity patterns between children with and without mathematical learning disabilities (Price, Holloway, Rasanen, Vesterinen, & Ansari, ; Rosenberg‐Lee et al, ) or between children versus adults (Ansari & Dhital, ; Kawashima et al, ), and individual difference designs that involve correlating brain responses with participant age (Rivera, Reiss, Eckert, & Menon, ) or a math‐relevant skill measured outside the scanner (Berteletti, Man, & Booth, ; Metcalfe, Ashkenazi, Rosenberg‐Lee, & Menon, ). Notably, these sorts of “neural correlates” analyses are fairly straightforward in most neuroimaging software platforms, likely contributing to their ubiquity.…”