How Organizational Policies Influence Bystander Likelihood of Reporting Moderate and Severe Sexual Harassment at Work

Jacobson, Ryan K.; Eaton, Asia A.

doi:10.1007/s10672-017-9309-1

Cited by 38 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…When SH diminishes, dehumanizes, and disempowers its targets, emotional and physical stress and stress-related mental and physical illnesses, including post-traumatic stress disorder, may result (Buchanan, Settles, Wu, & Hayashino, 2018;Chan, Lam, Chow, & Cheung, 2008;Friborg et al, 2017;Larsen & Fitzgerald, 2011;Nielson & Einarsen, 2012;Willness, Steel, & Lee, 2007). SH is also a risk factor for weight/shape concerns, negative body image, and disordered eating (Buchanan, Bluestein, Nappa, Woods, & Depatie, 2013) and can reduce targets' sense of safety (Don-SH can also deliberately or unintentionally interfere with performance and career aspirations by creating an intimidating, hostile, abusive, or offensive environment that erodes targets' confidence and makes it harder to achieve (Jacobson & Eaton, 2018;Jagsi et al, 2016;McLaughlin, Ugger, & Blackston, 2017). For example, in American middle and high school students, SH adversely affects school engagement and academic achievement (Gruber & Fineran, 2016).…”

Section: Why Sh Mattersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Psychology of Sexual Harassment

Burn

2018

Teaching of Psychology

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Sexual harassment (SH) occurs when people are targets of unwanted sexual comments, sexual gestures, or sexual actions because of their actual or perceived gender, gender expression, or sexual orientation. Due to its frequency and harmful effects on people and organizations, and because it is often a symptom of social inequalities, SH is of concern to psychologists. Using psychological theory and research as well as intersectional and contextual lenses, this article describes how SH is varied in its forms, targets, and origins. I explore explanations for SH with a focus on sociocultural gender and power perspectives. I also employ a person-bysituation perspective to show how contextual factors interact with individual factors to influence incidence. Because reducing SH is important for safe and inclusive schools, organizations, and public settings, I identify possible solutions to this common social problem. Finally, I discuss how and why teaching about the psychology of SH can promote positive individual, group, organizational, and social change. In sum, I illustrate interesting and important psychological concepts and methods and show how psychology can be used to understand and treat social problems and inequalities.

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Section: Why Sh Mattersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Psychology of Sexual Harassment

Burn

2018

Teaching of Psychology

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“…We contribute to studies on sexual harassment (e.g., [19,16,[38][39][40][41]) by focusing on reporting behaviors in the academy, and the sentiment present when describing harassment. Specifically, we analyzed unique reports of sexual harassment that occurred in higher education settings across diverse disciplines and institution types.…”

Section: Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The attitudes of university leadership, a university's prior response to sexual harassment reports, and prior outcomes for those who reported sexual harassment also play a prominent role in reporting behaviors [18][19][20]. An organizational climate that exhibits tolerance of sexual harassment, for example, may have leaders with dismissive attitudes that undermine formal (or informal) reporting processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual harassment in academe is underreported, especially by students in the life and physical sciences

Aguilar

Baek

2020

PLoS ONE

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What factors predict the underreporting of sexual harassment in academe? We used logistic regression and sentiment analysis to examine 2,343 reports of sexual harassment involving members of university communities. Results indicate students were 1.6 times likely to not report their experiences when compared to faculty. Respondents in the life and physical sciences were 1.7 times more likely to not report their experiences when compared to respondents in other disciplines. Men represented 90% of the reported perpetrators of sexual harassment. Analysis of respondents' written accounts show variation of overall sentiment based on discipline, student type, and the type of institution attended, particularly with regard to mental health. Our results suggest that institutional and departmental barriers driven by power asymmetries play a large role in the underreporting sexual harassment among students-especially those in STEM disciplines.

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“…Lack of clarity about the consequence of reporting inappropriate behavior can be a powerful deterrent too. Clear organizational policies of zero tolerance with a culture and climate of follow-through result in a significant increase in the willingness of survivors and bystanders to report sexual harassment [41].…”

Section: Worrying About Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%