2010
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2009.12.010
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How persistent is ADHD? A controlled 10-year follow-up study of boys with ADHD

Abstract: The main aim of this study was to examine the age-dependent persistence of ADHD in boys transitioning from adolescence into early adulthood attending to different definitions of persistence. We conducted a 10-year follow-up study (mean follow-up time=11 years) of 110 boys with ADHD and 105 non-ADHD controls. Both groups were 6-17 years of age at ascertainment. ADHD was considered persistent at follow-up if subjects met full or subthreshold (more than half of the symptoms required for a full diagnosis) DSM-IV d… Show more

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Cited by 404 publications
(331 citation statements)
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“…With higher base‐rate levels of emotional problems among girls in the general Swedish population 74, the associations between ADHD and internalizing/emotional problems reported here could to some extent be explained by covariation. However, higher rates of internalizing and/or emotional problems among girls with ADHD have been commonly reported in both clinical and population‐ or community‐based studies 8, 16, 19, 29, 46, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81. Thus, ADHD symptoms seem to contribute to the total internalizing problem load in a gender‐specific manner 61.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…With higher base‐rate levels of emotional problems among girls in the general Swedish population 74, the associations between ADHD and internalizing/emotional problems reported here could to some extent be explained by covariation. However, higher rates of internalizing and/or emotional problems among girls with ADHD have been commonly reported in both clinical and population‐ or community‐based studies 8, 16, 19, 29, 46, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81. Thus, ADHD symptoms seem to contribute to the total internalizing problem load in a gender‐specific manner 61.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Children with ADHD are at risk of school failure, emotional difficulties, substance misuse, antisocial behaviour, and poor peer relationships in adolescence 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and are more impaired in psychosocial, educational, and neuropsychological functioning as adults 15. ADHD affects both boys and girls in all areas of functioning, for example, academically, cognitively, psychosocially, and psychiatrically 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Previous prospective studies have depended on outcomes from childhood ADHD cases referred to specialty treatment programs. 23 The single epidemiologic study of persistence of ADHD into adulthood depended on adult recall of childhood ADHD.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Previous, prospective studies have depended on outcomes for childhood ADHD cases referred to specialty treatment programs and therefore may not be representative of the entire population of individuals with ADHD. [4][5][6][7]9,11 Other limitations of some previous studies include dependence on adult recall of childhood ADHD, studies limited to boys, small samples, and diagnostic criteria that do not account for differences in ADHD symptoms between children and adults.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
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