How Safe are Federal Regulations on Occupational Alcohol Use?

Howland, Jonathan; Almeida, Alissa; Rohsenow, Damaris J.; Minsky, Sara; Greece, Jacey

doi:10.1057/palgrave.jphp.3200104

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…While drinking did not have residual effects on tasks that involved either speed or sustained attention but not both, tasks that required speed in using sustained attention were significantly impaired the next morning with medium to large sized effects. As drinking to this level affects complex cognitive abilities the next morning, safety could be affected (Howland et al., 2006). Attentional processing (both sustained and selective) and reaction time along with decision making are tasks considered to be involved in safe automobile driving (Allen et al., 2009) and are likely involved in other safety‐sensitive occupational tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intoxication With Bourbon Versus Vodka: Effects on Hangover, Sleep, and Next‐Day Neurocognitive Performance in Young Adults

Rohsenow

Howland

Arnedt

et al. 2010

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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115

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Background This study assessed the effects of heavy drinking with high or low congener beverages on next-day neurocognitive performance, and the extent to which these effects were mediated by alcohol-related sleep disturbance or alcoholic beverage congeners, and correlated with the intensity of hangover. Methods Healthy heavy drinkers age 21–33 (n = 95) participated in two drinking nights after an acclimatization night. They drank to a mean of 0.11 g% BrAC on vodka or bourbon one night with matched placebo the other night, randomized for type and order. Polysomnography recordings were made overnight; self-report and neurocognitive measures were assessed the next morning. Results After alcohol, people had more hangover and more decrements in tests requiring both sustained attention and speed. Hangover correlated with poorer performance on these measures. Alcohol decreased sleep efficiency and REM sleep, and increased wake time and next-day sleepiness. Alcohol effects on sleep correlated with hangover but did not mediate the effects on performance. No effect of beverage congeners was found except on hangover severity, with people feeling worse after bourbon. Virtually no sex differences appeared. Conclusions Since drinking to this level affects complex cognitive abilities, safety could be affected, with implications for driving and for safety sensitive occupations. Congener content affects only how people feel the next day so does not increase risk. The sleep disrupting effects of alcohol did not account for the impaired performance so other mechanisms of effect need to be sought. Since hangover symptoms correlate with impaired performance, these might be contributing to the impairment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hangover is the subset of residual effects defined by symptoms, typically headache, nausea, thirst, and fatigue, that peak when BAC reaches 0 g% (Rohsenow et al., 2007). Residual alcohol effects are of importance to the extent that they may affect safety‐sensitive occupational performance, driving, or student learning or performance (Howland et al., 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intoxication With Bourbon Versus Vodka: Effects on Hangover, Sleep, and Next‐Day Neurocognitive Performance in Young Adults

Rohsenow

Howland

Arnedt

et al. 2010

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

Self Cite

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The results of studies examining impairment at low BAC in the range of • 0.01 to 0.05 are mixed, depending on how impairment and performance are measured (Howland et al 2000;Fell & Voas 2006;Howland et al 2006;Breitmeier et al 2007). However, while blood alcohol levels up to 0.05 per cent may not significantly impair psychomotor performance, they invoke a level of drowsiness sufficient to impair performance and increase motor vehicle crash risk (Banks et al 2004;Barrett et al 2004;Barrett et al 2005).…”

Section: Acute Effects Of Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of alcohol-related presentations to Australasian emergency departments

et al. 2014

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Objective: To determine the proportion of alcohol‐related presentations to emergency departments (EDs) in Australia and New Zealand, at a single time point on a weekend night shift. Design, setting and participants: A point prevalence survey of ED patients either waiting to be seen or currently being seen conducted at 02:00 local time on 14 December 2013 in 106 EDs in Australia and New Zealand. Main outcome measures: The number of ED presentations that were alcohol‐related, defined using World Health Organization ICD‐10 codes. Results: At the 106 hospitals (92 Australia, 14 New Zealand) that provided data, 395 (14.3%; 95% CI, 13.0%–15.6%) of 2766 patients in EDs at the study time were presenting for alcohol‐related reasons; 13.8% (95% CI, 12.5%–15.2%) in Australia and 17.9% (95% CI, 13.9%–22.8%) in New Zealand. The distribution was skewed left, with proportions ranging from 0 to 50% and a median of 12.5%. Nine Australian hospitals and one New Zealand hospital reported that more than a third of their ED patients had alcohol‐related presentations; the Northern Territory (38.1%) and Western Australia (21.1%) reported the highest proportions of alcohol‐related presentations. Conclusions: One in seven ED presentations in Australian and New Zealand at this 02:00 snapshot were alcohol‐related, with some EDs seeing more than one in three alcohol‐related presentations. This confirms that alcohol‐related presentations to EDs are currently underreported and makes a strong case for public health initiatives.

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“…These results are in accordance with those obtained in a study conducted by Melia and Batería Valencia 18. Indeed, the negative influence of alcohol in work environments is well known, not only over the risk of mental workload but it also affects productivity, causing significant damages to employers and workers due to absenteeism, work misalignments, work disabilities, staff turnover, reduced work performance and poor quality of work 19 20…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for mental workload: influence of the working environment, cardiovascular health and lifestyle. A cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

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ObjectivesMental workload is a condition which can negatively influence the overall health of workers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the risk factors for the onset of mental workload, including working conditions, cardiovascular comorbidities and lifestyle habits, in a working population.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study including 408 workers from a risk prevention service of small/medium companies in Murcia (Spain). Workers from the secondary and tertiary sectors or primary/secondary sectors with administrative management tasks who underwent a routine medical examination between 1 January 2017 and 31 April 2017 were included. Workers from the primary sector and construction were excluded to avoid a sex and age bias.ResultsFrom 408 workers, 206 (50.5%) were females; with mean age 36.8±10.4 years. 164 (40.2%) workers had a moderate to significant risk of mental workload. Based on multivariate logistic regression analyses, independent predictors of mental workload were age ≥30 years (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.22 to 4.80; p=0.012), working in tertiary (OR 7.89, 95% CI 3.59 to 17.31; p<0.001) or administrative sectors (OR 87.57, 95% CI 35.22 to 217.79; p<0.001) and alcohol consumption (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.16 to 3.73; p=0.014). Smoking habit (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.85; p=0.012) was found as a protective variable so non-smoking was considered as a risk factor.ConclusionIn the present study from a risk prevention service including workers of small/medium companies from the secondary and tertiary sectors and workers with administrative tasks, the labour sector, age, alcohol consumption and smoking habits, are independently associated with a higher risk of developing moderate to significant mental workload.

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How Safe are Federal Regulations on Occupational Alcohol Use?

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

Intoxication With Bourbon Versus Vodka: Effects on Hangover, Sleep, and Next‐Day Neurocognitive Performance in Young Adults

Intoxication With Bourbon Versus Vodka: Effects on Hangover, Sleep, and Next‐Day Neurocognitive Performance in Young Adults

Survey of alcohol-related presentations to Australasian emergency departments

Risk factors for mental workload: influence of the working environment, cardiovascular health and lifestyle. A cross-sectional study

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