How should Tanzania use its natural gas? Citizens’ views from a nationwide Deliberative Poll

Abstract

The International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie) promotes evidence-informed equitable, inclusive and sustainable development. We support the generation and effective use of high-quality evidence to inform decision-making and improve the lives of people living in poverty in low-and middle-income countries. We provide guidance and support to produce, synthesise and quality-assure evidence of what works, for whom, how, why and at what cost. 3ie impact evaluations 3ie-supported impact evaluations assess the difference a development intervention has made to social and economic outcomes. 3ie is committed to funding rigorous evaluations that include a theory-based design, use the most appropriate mix of methods to capture outcomes and are useful in complex development contexts. About this report 3ie accepted the final version of the report, In search of the holy grail: can unconditional cash transfers graduate households out of poverty in Zambia?, as partial fulfilment of requirements under grant DPW1.1042 awarded through Development Priorities Window Grail An object or goal that is sought after for its great significance.-Meriam-Webster Dictionary A thing which is eagerly pursued or sought after.-Oxford English Dictionary iii Contents Acknowledgements .

Agricultural innovation: an evidence gap map

“…As Figure 4 illustrates, all the EITI studies were coded as dealing with all extractive sectors (mining, oil and gas). For the remaining nine studies, one evaluation dealt with all of these sectors (Sexton 2017), two focused on the oil sector (Pellegrini et al 2019;de la Cuesta et al 2017), three focused on both oil and gas (Edjekumhene et al 2019;Coleman et al 2019;Paler 2013), two focused on the gas sector (Birdsall et al 2018;Armand et al 2019) and one focused on the mining sector (Pande and Sudarshan 2019).…”

“…Five studies report subgroup analyses conducted on several dimensions. One study reports analysis by age group (Edjekumhene et al 2019), five by sex, and one by sex, socioeconomic status and education (Birdsall et al 2018). One study does not report results for subgroups, but does disaggregate data by sex (de la Cuesta et al 2017).…”

“…Six studies refer to ethical approvals or at least went through some review committee that approved the study design and processes (e.g. Birdsall et al 2018;Coleman et al 2019;Edjekumhene et al 2019). One study targets a vulnerable population -indigenous people living in Ecuador and Peru, who are particularly affected by the extractive industry (Pellegrini et al 2019).…”

“…Two studies looked at programmes implemented by international aid agencies (Armand et al 2018;Birdsall et al 2018). One study did not report this information (de la Cuesta et al 2017).…”

“…Outside of these studies, programmes were funded partly by other government agencies for four other impact evaluations, and by nonprofit organisations for three studies (Coleman et al 2019;Pellegrini et al 2019;Paler 2013). One study programme was supported partly by an international aid agency (Birdsall et al 2018), and two studies received support partly from charitable or private foundations (Paler 2013;Birdsall et al 2018).…”