How stress mediators can cumulatively contribute to Alzheimer’s disease An allostatic load approach

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Allostatic load is defined as the frequent activation of the neuroendocrine, immunological, metabolic and cardiovascular systems, which makes individuals more susceptible to stress-related health problems. According to this model, physiological dysregulations start to emerge decades before diseases manifest. Consequently, stress research has shifted its attention to anticipating the degree of this dysregulation to better understand the impact of stress hormones and other biomarkers on disease progression. In view of the growing number of studies that demonstrate the influence of modifiable risk factors on cognitive decline, in addition to the effects of chronic stress mediators, the objective of the present review was to present an overview of the development of cognitive changes based on studies on stress and its mediators.

The Roadmap for Resilience: The California Surgeon General's Report on Adverse Childhood Experiences, Toxic Stress, and Health

“…10,[111][112][113][114] Toxic stress is associated with increased risk for numerous neuropsychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, substance abuse, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, and chronic pain. 39,[115][116][117][118][119][120] While the causes of neuropsychiatric disorders are numerous and complex, changes to the brain's threat response, impulse control, motivation and reward pathways, and pain perception mechanisms are associated with toxic stress and are believed to contribute to these risks. It is important to highlight that although neuropsychiatric disorders are among the most widely recognized manifestations of toxic stress, there is wide variation in which health conditions specific individuals may experience as a result of toxic stress.…”

“…In total, 261 individuals at 32 state departments responded to the state survey in September 2020. Of those respondents, most individuals worked at the program level (119) or branch/center/division level (106), while a few reported working at the department or agency-level (36). Some 257 individuals serving 57 of the 58 counties in California responded to the county survey.…”

Awareness raising workshop for nursing students on the elderly with Alzheimer’s disease: contributions to education

“…Other factors that influence it are genetics, family history, the risk for cardiovascular diseases associated with smoking, obesity, and diabetes (16)(17) , fewer years of formal education, less social engagement, and traumatic brain injury (TBI) ( 3) . Also, a study has associated chronic stress as a considerable risk factor (18) .…”

The Concept of Advanced Multi-Sensor Monitoring of Human Stress

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