“…The advantages indicate good preparation of learners (both pre-service teachers and their future pupils) for the world of employment awaiting them (Caena & Redecker, 2019;Habibi et al, 2018;Weinberger & Shonfeld, 2020). The difficulties relate to the learning, teaching, and assessment processes that are perceived as ineffective and unfocused, and to unconsolidated beliefs about what constitutes good teaching (Durak, 2019;Ertmer & Ottenbreit-Leftwich, 2010;Margaliot et al, 2018;Tondeur et al, 2017). Studies dealing with the integration of technology in education show that the pedagogical beliefs of teachers will influence the meaningful and effective integration of technological tools into their teaching (Tondeur et al, 2017;Zipke, Ingle, & Moorehead, 2019).…”