How Third-Party CSR Evaluation Matters: Keeping Up with Rivals in CSR Performance Ratings of Korean Firms, 2011–2015

Abstract

Does corporate social responsibility (CSR) evaluation by third-party entities (i.e., external agencies, including civic organizations) affect the CSR performance of firms? This article explores the question of whether and how third-party CSR ratings change the subsequent CSR behavior and hence performance of rated firms. Combining insights from the research on ratings/rankings and a behavioral theory of firms, we hypothesize that firms with large negative CSR rating gaps-i.e., CSR ratings below the industry average-are more prone to improving their subsequent CSR behavior, and hence performance ratings, than those with small negative gaps, because of the desire to avoid being viewed as CSR laggards relative to their industry rivals. As a result, efforts are directed at enhancing CSR performance. Empirical support for this conjecture is found through random effect regression analyses of publicly listed firms in Korea that were rated by the KEJI (Korean Economic Justice Institute) during 2011-2015 with respect to multiple dimensions of CSR. Further results show that the positive effect of negative CSR rating gaps on subsequent CSR ratings appears only in the firms without well-established reputations, suggesting the possibility that firms with weak reputations have stronger incentives to keep up with other industry incumbents in CSR performance ratings than their counterparts.

Does CSR Assurance Affect the Relationship between CSR Performance and Financial Performance?

“…The results are statistically significant and support the argument of our research question. Our results are consistent with the prior studies viewing CSR performance as value-enhancing activities [28] and the study investigating other effects on the CSR engagement and financial performance [29,30].…”

The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on the Company’s Financial Performance

“…Companies strive to get into sustainable development ratings to obtain consumer confidence and attract new investments. For this purpose, companies spend funds not just for information disclosure, but also for its verification by auditors [30], which is an essential step toward recognition by rating agencies. Those papers which study the interrelations between CSR ratings and corporate financial indicators analyse the data on the companies which have various sustainability indices, such as the Dow Jones Sustainability Indices, FTSE4Good Index, the MSCI ACWI ESG Leaders Index, RobecoSAM Sustainability Yearbook, and other local indexes related to certain markets [5].…”