How to Behave Around Cannibals: A Density-Dependent Dynamic Game

Crowley, Philip H.; Hopper, Kevin R.

doi:10.1086/285598

Cited by 66 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Based on empirical evidence DeAngelis et al (1979), Fagan & Odell (1996) and Dong & DeAngelis (1998) assume that cannibalism is possible only if the ratio of victim length to cannibal length is below a critical value (0.625, 0.4 and 0.73, respectively). These authors and Crowley & Hopper (1994) focus on the within-season dynamics of a single cohort of YOY individuals. They find nonlinear effects of the initial size distribution on life history in terms of age at maturation and survival to maturation (Fagan & Odell 1996), or on growth rate and final size distribution (DeAngelis et al 1979;Crowley & Hopper 1994).…”

Section: (E) Size-distribution Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These authors and Crowley & Hopper (1994) focus on the within-season dynamics of a single cohort of YOY individuals. They find nonlinear effects of the initial size distribution on life history in terms of age at maturation and survival to maturation (Fagan & Odell 1996), or on growth rate and final size distribution (DeAngelis et al 1979;Crowley & Hopper 1994). DeAngelis et al (1979) set out to test the effect of alternative food on the short-term dynamics of a single YOY cohort of cannibalistic largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).…”

Section: (E) Size-distribution Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Column (iv) indicates which vital rate is affected by competition: g, growth rate; m, mortality; f, fecundity.) aspect of cannibalism Landahl & Hansen (1975) ϩ Ϫ (ϩ) Ϫ fixed point, cycles DeAngelis et al (1979) ϩ ϩ ϩ Ϫ within-year size distribution Botsford (1981) ϩ Ϫ ϩ g bistability Gurtin & Levine (1982) ϩ ϩ (ϩ) m population control, population cycles Frauenthal (1983) ϩ Ϫ (ϩ) m bistability, population cycles Diekmann et al (1986) ϩ Ϫ (ϩ) Ϫ population cycles Fisher (1987) ϩ Ϫ ϩ g bistability Hastings (1987) ϩ Ϫ (ϩ) Ϫ population cycles, bistability Hastings & Costantino (1987) ϩ Ϫ (ϩ) Ϫ population cycles, bistability Van den Bosch et al (1988) ϩ ϩ (ϩ) Ϫ lifeboat effect, bistability Van den Bosch & Gabriel (1991) ϩ ϩ (ϩ) f cannibalism dampens predator-prey cycles Hastings & Costantino (1991) ϩ Ϫ (ϩ) Ϫ population cycles, no bistability Cushing (1991) ϩ ϩ (ϩ) f fixed point, cycles, lifeboat effect, bistability Cushing (1992) ϩ ϩ ϩ Ϫ control, lifeboat, bistability Crowley & Hopper (1994) ϩ ϩ ϩ Ϫ size distribution, stock-recruitment overcompensation Kohlmeier & Ebenhö h (1995) ϩ ϩ Ϫ ϩ cannibalism dampens predator-prey cycles Fagan & Odell (1996) ϩ ϩ ϩ ϩ within-season size structure Costantino et al (1997) ϩ Briggs et al (2000) ϩ Ϫ (ϩ) m generation cycles Claessen et al (2000) ϩ ϩ ϩ gmf cannibalism dampens cycles and induces size-dimorphism Lantry & Stewart (2000) ϩ Ϫ (ϩ) Ϫ population cycles Claessen et al (2002) ϩ ϩ ϩ gmf stabilization, dimorphism, gigantism ϩ ϩ ϩ gmf bistability, gigantism Diekmann et al (2003) ϩ ϩ ϩ Ϫ lifeboat effect owing to morphological limitations such as gape width or the ability of prey to escape from cannibals (Christensen 1996). The upper limit to victim size is often assumed to be a fixed ratio of cannibal size (DeAngelis et al 1979;Cushing 1992;Fagan & Odell 1996;Dong & DeAngelis 1998) but the precise relationship between cannibal size and victim size is rarely known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Population dynamic theory of size–dependent cannibalism

Claessen

Roos

Persson

2004

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

231

219

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Cannibalism is characterized by four aspects: killing victims, gaining energy from victims, size-dependent interactions and intraspecific competition. In this review of mathematical models of cannibalistic populations, we relate the predicted population dynamic consequences of cannibalism to its four defining aspects. We distinguish five classes of effects of cannibalism: (i) regulation of population size; (ii) destabilization resulting in population cycles or chaos; (iii) stabilization by damping population cycles caused by other interactions; (iv) bistability such that, depending on the initial conditions, the population converges to one of two possible stable states; and (v) modification of the population size structure. The same effects of cannibalism may be caused by different combinations of aspects of cannibalism. By contrast, the same combination of aspects may lead to different effects. For particular cannibalistic species, the consequences of cannibalism will depend on the presence and details of the four defining aspects. Empirical evidence for the emerged theory of cannibalism is discussed briefly. The implications of the described dynamic effects of cannibalism are discussed in the context of community structure, making a comparison with the community effects of intraguild predation.

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Section: (E) Size-distribution Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (E) Size-distribution Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Population dynamic theory of size–dependent cannibalism

Claessen

Roos

Persson

2004

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

231

219

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“…For instance, in the damselfly Coenagrion puella, a high ectoparasite load (Acari: Arrenurus cuspidator) on mothers stimulates the production of fewer but larger offspring (Rolff 1999). Offspring size is believed to strongly affect offspring fitness and thus parental fitness, as shown in a variety of studies (Crowley & Hopper 1994;Reznick et al 1996). This way, parasitized females may compensate the reduced number of offspring produced through offspring of better quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Trans-generational immune priming’: specific enhancement of the antimicrobial immune response in the mealworm beetle,Tenebrio molitor

2006

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Encounters with parasites and pathogens are often unpredictable in time. However, experience of an infection may provide the host with reliable cues about the future risk of infection for the host itself or for its progeny. If the parental environment predicts the quality of the progeny's environment, then parents may further enhance their net reproductive success by differentially providing their offspring with phenotypes to cope with potential hazards such as pathogen infection. Here, I test for the occurrence of such an adaptive transgenerational phenotypic plasticity in the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor . A pathogenic environment was mimicked by injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharides for two generations of insects. I found that parental challenge enhanced offspring immunity through the inducible production of antimicrobial peptides in the haemolymph.

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“…A number of studies have shown that fish shift habitats, or reduce feeding activity in the presence of predators, and Crowley and Hopper (1994) have shown theoretically how such behavioral responses to cannibalistic adults may affect larval survival. We were unable to monitor the habitat use of larvae in our pond because of relatively poor visibility and the fact that such small fish are very difficult to observe in the field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between adult and larval bluegill sunfish: positive and negative effects

Rettig

Mittelbach

2002

Oecologia

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Adult fish may affect the growth and survival of conspecific larvae through a variety of pathways, including negative interactions via competition for shared limiting resources or via predation (i.e., cannibalism), and positive interactions due to the consumption of larval predators and via resource enhancement (i.e., presence of adults increases availability of larval prey). To examine the overall effect of adult bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) on larval bluegill, we conducted a field experiment in which we manipulated adult densities and quantified larval growth and survival, prey abundance, invertebrate predator abundance, and cannibalism. The presence of adult bluegill had a negative effect on final larval mass. This response was consistent with competition for zooplankton prey. Adult bluegill reduced the abundance of large zooplankton (e.g., Chaoborus and Daphnia), which were the dominant prey of bluegill larvae in the absence of adults. Larvae in the no-adult treatment also had significantly more prey in their stomachs compared to larvae in the presence of adults. Larval survival was maximized at intermediate adult densities and the overall production of larvae peaked at intermediate adult densities. The higher larval survival at intermediate adult densities is attributed to a reduction in invertebrate predators in treatments with adult bluegill; invertebrate predators experienced an 80% reduction in the presence of adult fish. Decreased larval survival at the highest adult density was not due to resource limitation and may be due to cannibalism, which was not directly observed in our study, but has been observed in other studies.

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How to Behave Around Cannibals: A Density-Dependent Dynamic Game

Cited by 66 publications

References 53 publications

Population dynamic theory of size–dependent cannibalism

Population dynamic theory of size–dependent cannibalism

‘Trans-generational immune priming’: specific enhancement of the antimicrobial immune response in the mealworm beetle,Tenebrio molitor

Interactions between adult and larval bluegill sunfish: positive and negative effects

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