How to Choose an Interfacial Modifier for Organic Photovoltaics Using Simple Surface Energy Considerations

Yang, Dan; Cao, Bing; Müller‐Buschbaum, Peter

doi:10.1021/acsami.1c12790

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The surface energies of PM6:Y6, PM6:Y6/PDINN-S, and PM6:Y6/PDINN were 19.0, 57.1, and 53.2 mN m –1 (Table S2) by the Owen formula . Solutions with high free energy materials are generally not conducive to wetting and diffusion of solids with a lower surface energy. , Thus, PDINN with relatively high surface energy impedes interlayer uniformity, while PDINN-S with suitable surface energy can form preferable compatibility with the upper/lower layers.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bay-Functionalized Perylene Diimide Derivative Cathode Interfacial Layer for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells

Zhou

Han

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The field of organic solar cells (OSCs) has acquired rapid progress with the development of nonfullerene acceptors. Interfacial engineering is also significant for the enhancement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) in OSCs. Among the cathode interfacial materials (CIMs), perylene diimide (PDI) small molecules are promising owing to the excellent electron affinity and electron mobility. Although the well-known PDINN molecule has excellent properties, it has a high planarity formed by an extensive rigid π-conjugated backbone. Because the PDI molecular backbone has a strong tendency to aggregate, it causes the problem of excessive molecular aggregation and stacking, which directly leads to excessive crystallinity. Proper accumulation is beneficial for charge transport, but oversized crystals formed by overaggregation will hinder charge transport, ultimately affecting the film morphology and charge transport efficiency. Modifying the bay position of PDINN is an effective strategy to reduce the planarity, modulate the molecular aggregation, optimize the morphology, and enhance the charge-collecting efficiency. Therefore, PDINN-S was synthesized from PDINN by substituting the hydrogen with thiophene. The optimal PCE in the PM6:Y6 active layer was 16.18% and remained at 80% of the initial value after 720 h in a glovebox. This provides some guidance for exploring CIMs and preparing large-scale OSCs in the future.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bay-Functionalized Perylene Diimide Derivative Cathode Interfacial Layer for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells

Zhou

Han

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Since PEDOT: PSS is a hydrophilic material, while the PTAA is a hydrophobic polymer, the surface tension of P–P HTL is highly dependent on the composition of each component. [ 42 ] This apparent transition in the contact angle of P–P HTL, varying from a value close to PEDOT: PSS to a value close to pristine PTAA, strongly implies that the coverage of PTAA on PEDOT: PSS increases with increasing concentration of its deposition solution. The corresponding surface energy is calculated according to the Owen method (Table S5, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performing Quasi‐2D Perovskite Photodetectors with Efficient Charge Transport Network Built from Vertically Orientated and Evenly Distributed 3D‐Like Phases

Huang

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Quasi-two-dimensional (Q-2D) perovskites are emerging as one of the most promising materials for photodetectors. However, a significant challenge to Q-2D perovskites for photodetection is their insufficient charge transport ability, which is mainly attributed to their hybrid low-dimensional n-phase structure. This study demonstrates that evenly-distributed 3D-like phases with vertical orientation throughout the film can greatly facilitate charge transport and suppress charge recombination, outperforming the prevalent phase structure with a vertical dimension gradient. Based on such a phase structure, a Q-2D Ruddlesden−Popper perovskite self-powered photodetector achieving a combination of exceptional figures-of-merit is realized, including a responsivity of 0.45 AW −1 , a peak specific detectivity of 2.3 × 10 13 Jones, a 156 dB linear dynamic range, and a rise/fall time of 2.89 µs/1.93 µs. The desired phase structure is obtained by utilizing a double-hole transport layer (HTL), combining hydrophobic PTAA and hydrophilic PEDOT: PSS. Besides, the dependence of the hybrid low-dimensional phase structure is also identified on the surface energy of the buried HTL substrate. This study gives insight into the correlation between Q-2D perovskites' phase structure and performance, providing a valuable design guide for Q-2D perovskite-based photodetectors.

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“…As illustrated in Figure a, to characterize the morphology of the CP/Y6 blend film, BHJ-type films were prepared on PEDOT:PSS precast films using the same composition of CP/Y6 (1:1.5 wt ratio) with the OPV fabrication. It has been reported that the vertical distribution of each component in the blend film is related to the surface energy of the underlying layer . To characterize the distribution of CP/Y6 in the blend film formed on the PEDOT:PSS layer, we first determined the surface energies of CP and Y6 by measuring contact angles using water and glycerol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulation and Direct Characterization of Polymer/Small-Molecule Interface Morphology in Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cell

Kang

Yoon

Lee

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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To investigate the effect of miscibility between conjugated polymers (CPs) and Y6 on bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) type morphology, we propose three different CPs with similar chemical structures but different miscibility with Y6. After selectively removing Y6 from the CP/Y6 blend films, their interface morphology and interlocked dimensions are quantitatively compared using a square-wave model. As CP−Y6 miscibility increases, a higher intermixed interface is formed, providing an enlarged CP− Y6 interface area. Conversely, as the miscibility between CP and Y6 decreases, the height and width of the interlocked dimensions formed by phase separation gradually decrease and increase, respectively. Additionally, when the CP−Y6 interface morphology and electrical properties of the corresponding organic photovoltaic (OPV) device are correlated, as the highly intermixed CP−Y6 interface develops, the exciton dissociation efficiency increases owing to the reduced exciton diffusion length to be dissociated, but the bimolecular recombination tends to deteriorate simultaneously. Furthermore, if the miscibility between CP and Y6 is excessive, the formation of a charge transport pathway through phase separation is interrupted, deteriorating the charge transport capability in BHJ-type OPVs. However, it was confirmed that introducing F atoms into the conjugated backbone of CP can reduce the bimolecular recombination, providing ameliorated light-harvesting efficiency.

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How to Choose an Interfacial Modifier for Organic Photovoltaics Using Simple Surface Energy Considerations

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Bay-Functionalized Perylene Diimide Derivative Cathode Interfacial Layer for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells

Bay-Functionalized Perylene Diimide Derivative Cathode Interfacial Layer for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells

High‐Performing Quasi‐2D Perovskite Photodetectors with Efficient Charge Transport Network Built from Vertically Orientated and Evenly Distributed 3D‐Like Phases

Manipulation and Direct Characterization of Polymer/Small-Molecule Interface Morphology in Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cell

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