How to Create an Arthroscopy Training Laboratory Using a Bovine Knee Model

Abstract

Orthopaedic surgeries by video arthroscopy have become increasingly popular, as they allow joint treatment through small incisions and minimal tissue damage. However, their execution requires specific skills from the surgeon, different from open surgery, which can only be achieved through practical training. These skills would be ideally performed on human cadaveric anatomical pieces which, however, can be difficult to access for different reasons. Animal anatomical models for surgical skills training have been used for years in medicine, and we observed that the bovine knee has anatomical characteristics quite similar to that of the human knee. In this study, we explain, step by step, the installation and creation of an arthroscopy laboratory with a bovine model, in an effort to contribute to several training centers in arthroscopic surgery around the world, assisting and guiding such centers to install arthroscopy laboratories and facilitating the improvement of more surgeons.

Young Bovine Hip Model for Hip Arthroscopy Training

“… 18 As a practice tool, the bovine knee model has been validated previously. 12 In the present study, the hip model also has been validated, especially for the 2 key components of the arthroscopic treatment of FAI syndrome, which are reported to be the cam excision and labrum repair, according to a recent expert opinion survey of high-volume surgeons. 16 …”

“…As bovine knee has been validated to be used to improve surgical skills, 12 bovine labrum has been reported to have similar biomechanical properties compared with its human counterpart, 13 , 14 , 15 and bovine proximal femur has natural cam morphology ( Fig 1 ), the present study aimed to clarify young bovine hip as an effective education tool, especially for key parts such as labrum repair and cam excision in arthroscopic impingement treatment. 16

Fig 1 Adult bovine left hip with cam deformity at superior part of the left femur.

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Sutura meniscal contínua: descrição, análise biomecânica e treinamento

“…Optou-se, então, pela criação de um laboratório de artroscopia (ROCHA DE FARIA et al, 2021b) de carga e fixado em uma máquina universal de testes (ZwickRoell Z2.5TN, Ulm, Alemanha). A máquina de ensaio possui incerteza máxima de ± 0,28% na medição de deslocamento e uma célula de carga com capacidade máxima de 2,5 kN, com precisão de ± 0,11%.…”