How to get extra performance from a chromosome: recognition and modification of the
            <scp>X</scp>
            chromosome in male
            <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>

Kong, Ying; Meller, Victoria H.

doi:10.1002/047001153x.g103229

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Almost all genes on the single X chromosome of males are bound by a complex of proteins and RNA that modifies chromatin to increase expression. 6 This complex, known as the Male Specific Lethal (MSL) complex, is composed of 5 MSL proteins and one of 2 non-coding RNA on the X RNAs ( roX1, roX2 ). Females block expression of a key MSL protein, and this limits X upregulation to males.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Drosophila X chromosome: The long and short of it

Menon

Meller

2015

RNA Biology

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The different dose of X chromosomes in males and females produces a potentially fatal imbalance in X-linked gene products. This imbalance is addressed by dosage compensation, a process that modulates expression from an entire X chromosome in one sex. Dosage compensation acts on thousands of genes with disparate expression patterns. Both flies and mammals accomplish this with remarkable specificity by targeting epigenetic chromatin modifications to a single chromosome. Long noncoding RNAs that are expressed from the X chromosome are essential elements of the targeting mechanism in both lineages. We recently discovered that the siRNA pathway, as well as small RNA from satellite repeats that are strikingly enriched on the fly X chromosome, also promote X recognition. In this article we review the current understanding of X recognition in flies and discuss potential mechanisms by which the siRNA pathway, repetitive elements and long noncoding RNAs might cooperate to promote X recognition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%