How to make big molecules fly out of liquid water: applications, features and physics of laser assisted liquid phase dispersion mass spectrometry

Charvát, A.; Abel, Bernd

doi:10.1039/b615114k

Cited by 68 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 117 publications

(217 reference statements)

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“…Their results were confirmed by the experiment where mass spectra of water aggregates generated from a laser-dispersed liquid solution with different sodium salt concentrations were recorded (Charvat and Abel, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Modeling the secondary emission yield of salty ice dust grains

Richterová

Němeček

Pavlu

et al. 2011

Icarus

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Please cite this article as: Richterová, I., Němeček, Z., Pavlu, J., Beránek, M., Šafránková, J., Modeling the secondary emission yield of salty ice dust grains, Icarus (2010Icarus ( ), doi: 10.1016Icarus ( /j.icarus.2010 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.Modeling the secondary emission yield of salty ice dust grains AbstractSecondary emission is one of important processes leading to dust grain charging in many plasma environments. The secondary yield varies with the grain material, shape, and size. Several experiments confirmed that the yield of small grains differs from that of planar samples. Among other materials, ices of different compositions can be frequently found in the interplanetary space and/or planetary magnetospheres. However, the admixtures can significantly influence the inner structure of such materials and thus may change their yield. We present numerical simulations that provide a realistic description of the secondary emission process from water ice grains. The simulations reveal that the secondary emission yield increases as the grain dimension decreases to tens of nanometers. The yield of backscattered primary electrons approaches unity and the grain can be charged to high positive potentials under these conditions. We found that any reasonable admixture of NaCl does not alter secondary electron emission properties significantly.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Modeling the secondary emission yield of salty ice dust grains

Richterová

Němeček

Pavlu

et al. 2011

Icarus

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“…In this critical insight, I focus on the contributions made by nESI, although recently other ionization techniques [25][26][27] have been shown to provide excellent alternatives. I will describe MS analysis, step-by-step, and illustrate the type of information gained at each level.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

How far can we go with structural mass spectrometry of protein complexes?

Sharon

2010

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

100

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Physical interactions between proteins and the formation of stable complexes form the basis of most biological functions. Therefore, a critical step toward understanding the integrated workings of the cell is to determine the structure of protein complexes, and reveal how their structural organization dictates function. Studying the three-dimensional organization of protein assemblies, however, represents a major challenge for structural biologists, due to the large size of the complexes, their heterogeneous composition, their flexibility, and their asymmetric structure. In the last decade, mass spectrometry has proven to be a valuable tool for analyzing such noncovalent complexes. Here, I illustrate the breadth of structural information that can be obtained from this approach, and the steps taken to elucidate the stoichiometry, topology, packing, dynamics, and shape of protein complexes. In addition, I illustrate the challenges that lie ahead, and the future directions toward which the field might be heading. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2010, 21, 487-500)

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“…As a result of the ensuing phase explosion, the liquid is dispersed into nano and micro droplets. Therefore, in the following discussion the term IR-MALDI will be used as an acronym for IR matrix assisted laser dispersion and ionization, in agreement with what was previously suggested in the literature [14]. The experimental effort associated with the vacuum technique is too high for a wide analytical application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…A first important advantage is the much lower charge state of macromolecules (proteins, synthetic polymers) in comparison to ESI [14]. This simplifies the separation of different ions, as mass and charge distributions of e.g., synthetic polymers, are superimposed in ESI-IM spectra.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ions were released by IR laser excitation of an alcoholic C-O vibration (λ = 10.6 μm, CO 2 -Laser) [9,10]. It was later possible to analyze pure water solutions by utilizing infrared radiation of an Er:YAG laser or an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) to directly excite the O-H stretch vibration mode [11][12][13][14]. Micro droplets produced at higher pressure with a droplet generator can also be introduced into the high vacuum of an MS and constitute an alternative to the microbeam source [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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IR-MALDI ion mobility spectrometry

et al. 2016

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The novel combination of infrared matrix-assisted laser dispersion and ionization (IR-MALDI) with ion mobility (IM) spectrometry makes it possible to investigate biomolecules in their natural environment, liquid water. As an alternative to an ESI source, the IR-MALDI source was implemented in an in-house-developed ion mobility (IM) spectrometer. The release of ions directly from an aqueous solution is based on a phase explosion, induced by the absorption of an IR laser pulse (λ = 2.94 μm, 6 ns pulse width), which disperses the liquid as nano- and micro-droplets. The prerequisites for the application of IR-MALDI-IM spectrometry as an analytical method are narrow analyte ion signal peaks for a high spectrometer resolution. This can only be achieved by improving the desolvation of ions. One way to full desolvation is to give the cluster ions sufficient time to desolvate. Two methods for achieving this are studied: the implementation of an additional drift tube, as in ESI-IM-spectrometry, and the delayed extraction of the ions. As a result of this optimization procedure, limits of detection between 5 nM and 2.5 μM as well as linear dynamic ranges of 2-3 orders of magnitude were obtained for a number of substances. The ability of this method to analyze simple mixtures is illustrated by the separation of two different surfactant mixtures.

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How to make big molecules fly out of liquid water: applications, features and physics of laser assisted liquid phase dispersion mass spectrometry

Cited by 68 publications

References 117 publications

Modeling the secondary emission yield of salty ice dust grains

Modeling the secondary emission yield of salty ice dust grains

How far can we go with structural mass spectrometry of protein complexes?

IR-MALDI ion mobility spectrometry

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