How to observe the giant thermal effect in the Casimir force for graphene systems

Bimonte, Giuseppe; Mostepanenko, V. M.

doi:10.1103/physreva.96.012517

Cited by 28 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Expanding all these quantities up to the first power in the 2 and using Eqs. (28), (40), and (43) in Ref. [52], one obtains that in this perturbation order…”

Section: Causality Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Kramers-Kronig relations and causality conditions for graphene in the framework of the Dirac model

Mostepanenko

2018

Phys. Rev. D

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We analyze the concept of causality for the conductivity of graphene described by the Dirac model. It is recalled that the condition of causality leads to the analyticity of conductivity in the upper half-plane of complex frequencies and to the standard symmetry properties for its real and imaginary parts. This results in the Kramers-Kronig relations, which explicit form depends on whether the conductivity has no pole at zero frequency (as in the case of zero temperature when the band gap of graphene is larger than twice the chemical potential) or it has a pole (as in all other cases, specifically, at nonzero temperature). Through the direct analytic calculation it is shown that the real and imaginary parts of graphene conductivity, found recently on the basis of first principles of thermal quantum field theory using the polarization tensor in (2+1)-dimensional space-time, satisfy the Kramers-Kronig relations precisely. In so doing, the values of two integrals in the commonly used tables, which are also important for a wider area of dispersion relations in quantum field theory and elementary particle physics, are corrected. The obtained results are not of only fundamental theoretical character, but can be used as a guideline in testing the validity of different phenomenological approaches and for the interpretation of experimental data.

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“…Expanding all these quantities up to the first power in the 2 and using Eqs. (28), (40), and (43) in Ref. [52], one obtains that in this perturbation order…”

Section: Causality Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Kramers-Kronig relations and causality conditions for graphene in the framework of the Dirac model

Mostepanenko

2018

Phys. Rev. D

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“…2D materials, such as those in the graphene family, have unique scaling laws for the Casimir energy compared to the traditional behavior of bulk metal plates. They also show promise for reducing the Casimir force when adhered onto a substrate in applications where sensitivity to the Casimir interaction may cause unwanted consequences [91][92][93]. While the development of new methods to detect the Casimir force is ongoing, significant advancements in technology are starting to allow experimentalists to explore these and other new geometries, which may lead to the measurement of a repulsive Casimir force between vacuum-separated materials.…”

Section: Effect Of Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in engineering the Casimir effect – applications to nanophotonics, nanomechanics, and chemistry

et al. 2020

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Quantum optics combines classical electrodynamics with quantum mechanics to describe how light interacts with material on the nanoscale, and many of the tricks and techniques used in nanophotonics can be extended to this quantum realm. Specifically, quantum vacuum fluctuations of electromagnetic fields experience boundary conditions that can be tailored by the nanoscopic geometry and dielectric properties of the involved materials. These quantum fluctuations give rise to a plethora of phenomena ranging from spontaneous emission to the Casimir effect, which can all be controlled and manipulated by changing the boundary conditions for the fields. Here, we focus on several recent developments in modifying the Casimir effect and related phenomena, including the generation of torques and repulsive forces, creation of photons from vacuum, modified chemistry, and engineered material functionality, as well as future directions and applications for nanotechnology.

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“…This representation was generalized for the case of graphene with nonzero µ [107]. The results of [106,107] have also been used in investigation of the Casimir effect [108][109][110][111][112][113], electrical conductivity [114][115][116][117] and reflectivity [118][119][120][121][122][123] in graphene systems. The polarization tensor for a strained graphene was also derived [124].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Casimir and Casimir-Polder Forces in Graphene Systems: Quantum Field Theoretical Description and Thermodynamics

Mostepanenko

2020

Universe

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We review recent results on the low-temperature behaviors of the Casimir-Polder and Casimir free energy an entropy for a polarizable atom interacting with a graphene sheet and for two graphene sheets, respectively. These results are discussed in the wide context of problems arising in the Lifshitz theory of van der Waals and Casimir forces when it is applied to metallic and dielectric bodies. After a brief treatment of different approaches to theoretical description of the electromagnetic response of graphene, we concentrate on the derivation of response function in the framework of thermal quantum field theory in the Matsubara formulation using the polarization tensor in (2 + 1)-dimensional space—time. The asymptotic expressions for the Casimir-Polder and Casimir free energy and entropy at low temperature, obtained with the polarization tensor, are presented for a pristine graphene as well as for graphene sheets possessing some nonzero energy gap Δ and chemical potential μ under different relationships between the values of Δ and μ. Along with reviewing the results obtained in the literature, we present some new findings concerning the case μ≠0, Δ=0. The conclusion is made that the Lifshitz theory of the Casimir and Casimir-Polder forces in graphene systems using the quantum field theoretical description of a pristine graphene, as well as real graphene sheets with Δ>2μ or Δ<2μ, is consistent with the requirements of thermodynamics. The case of graphene with Δ=2μ≠0 leads to an entropic anomaly, but is argued to be physically unrealistic. The way to a resolution of thermodynamic problems in the Lifshitz theory based on the results obtained for graphene is discussed.

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How to observe the giant thermal effect in the Casimir force for graphene systems

Cited by 28 publications

References 65 publications

Kramers-Kronig relations and causality conditions for graphene in the framework of the Dirac model

Kramers-Kronig relations and causality conditions for graphene in the framework of the Dirac model

Recent progress in engineering the Casimir effect – applications to nanophotonics, nanomechanics, and chemistry

Casimir and Casimir-Polder Forces in Graphene Systems: Quantum Field Theoretical Description and Thermodynamics

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