“…Password characteristics under investigation are length (number of characters in a password), composition (character domain: alphabetic, numeric, alphanumeric, or the entire ASCII character set), lifetime (frequency of changing passwords), and password selection method. Selection method means whether a password is based on a personally meaningful detail (user's last name, first name, nickname, child's name, or some other easily recalled bit of personal, biographical information), a combination of meaningful details (BILL89 or LOVEMARY), a pronounceable string of characters (2BFREE), string of random characters (H*DGFH8H), or some other basis [2,14,20,28,29,34,60,64].…”