How to schedule night shift work in order to reduce health and safety risks

Garde, Anne Helene; Begtrup, Luise Mølenberg; Bjorvatn, Bjørn; Bonde, Jens Peter; Hansen, Johnni; Hansen, Åse Marie; Härmä, Mikko; Jensen, Marie Aarrebo; Kecklund, Göran; Kolstad, Henrik Albert; Larsen, Ann Dyreborg; Lie, Jenny Anne S.; Moreno, Cláudia Roberta de Castro; Nabe‐Nielsen, Kirsten; Sallinen, Mikael

doi:10.5271/sjweh.3920

Cited by 74 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Overall, the current study showed that specific roster characteristics -limited time between shifts (in particular quick returns) and stable or backward rotation -negatively affects sleep problems followed by fatigue (having lower level of energy). In line with the discussion paper by Garde et al (18), optimization of work schedules, ie, meaning more time to recover, forward rotation and potentially less consecutive night shifts are probably helpful to combat the short-term effects but also the long-term health consequences of night work (35)(36)(37).…”

Section: Van De Ven Et Almentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The design of a shift system is one of the key modifiable factors that affects sleep and fatigue (16)(17)(18). Specific roster characteristics such as successive (night) shifts, backward rotation (ie, counterclockwise start times of successive shifts) and quick return to work (ie, limited time between shifts) have been associated with sleep and fatigue (19)(20)(21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specific roster characteristics such as successive (night) shifts, backward rotation (ie, counterclockwise start times of successive shifts) and quick return to work (ie, limited time between shifts) have been associated with sleep and fatigue (19)(20)(21). However, knowledge to optimize the best configuration of a shift system is lacking (18). The absence of reliable knowledge on the effects of different roster characteristics could be explained by the fact that most previous studies compared shift workers with non-shift workers, included only shift workers in traditional collective (regular) shift systems in which all workers have the same type of roster, and used retrospective surveys to assess exposure (ie, shift schedules) and sleep parameters.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The acute effects of working time patterns on fatigue and sleep quality using daily measurements of 6195 observations among 223 shift workers

Ven¹,

Hulsegge²,

Zoomer³

et al. 2021

Scand J Work Environ Health

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The acute effects of working time patterns on fatigue and sleep quality using daily measurements of 6195 observations among 223 shift workers by van de Ven, Hulsegge G, Zoomer T, de Korte EM, Burdorf A, Oude Hengel KM Shift schedules should be optimized by ensuring more time to recover by rotating forwards to alleviate acute effects of shift work on fatigue, in particular for shift workers with a poor health.

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Section: Van De Ven Et Almentioning

confidence: 68%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The acute effects of working time patterns on fatigue and sleep quality using daily measurements of 6195 observations among 223 shift workers

Ven¹,

Hulsegge²,

Zoomer³

et al. 2021

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…The next characteristic of night shift work that may affect breast cancer risk may be the number of consecutive night shifts. According to previous epidemiological studies, night work lasting ≥3 consecutive nights may increase the risk of breast cancer [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Another characteristic of night shift work that may affect breast cancer risk may be the direction of rotation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How the Intensity of Night Shift Work Affects Breast Cancer Risk

Szkiela

Kusideł

Makowiec-Dąbrowska

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background—In 2019, the IARC concluded that “night shift work is probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A), based on limited evidence from human epidemiological studies and sufficient evidence of cancer and strong mechanistic evidence in experimental Animals.” The negative health consequences of night shift work may depend on how the night shifts are scheduled. The aim of this study was to investigate how the characteristics of night work affect the risk of developing breast cancer. Methods—A case–control study was conducted in 2015–2019 in the Lodz region. The case group included 494 women with breast cancer, while the control group included 515 healthy women. Results—Night work was found to be the third most important factor regarding breast cancer after a high BMI and a short or no breastfeeding period and before factors such as early menstruation, late menopause, no pregnancy, and smoking. The harmful effects of night work were influenced by its intensity, frequency, rotation, and the number of night shift years worked. Night work increases the breast cancer risk by 2.34 times, and high-intensity night work increases the breast cancer risk by 2.66 times. Conclusions—Appropriate ergonomic recommendations for night shift work for employers should be considered.

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“…t-test or Pearson Chi-square 2 living in the same household 3 more evening type or absolutely evening type4 weekly or more often5 Good subjective health (good or very good)6 Increased need for recovery (6> points).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep, sleepiness and need for recovery of industrial employees after a change from an 8- to a 12-hour shift system

et al. 2021

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Employees often prefer 12-hour work shifts but they can increase sleepiness and injury risk. We assessed whether sleep, sleepiness, satisfaction and need for recovery changed after changing from an 8-hour to a 12-hour shift system. The participants were 178 employees of paper, pulp and chemical industry. Using a quasi-experimental controlled intervention design, 83 employees, who changed from an 8-hour shift schedule to a 12-hour shift schedule were compared to those who remained in the 8hour shift schedule (n=95). Participants filled in a survey on sleep, sleepiness, satisfaction and need for recovery at baseline and 9-12 months after the shift schedule change. We used generalized estimation equation models adjusted for age, sex, shift work experience in years and baseline shift system. Sleep length was longer in the 12-hour shift schedule before the first morning shift and between morning shifts. Sleepiness during morning shifts was less frequent and satisfaction with the shift system was more prevalent in the 12-hour shift schedule. Also, perceived negative associations of the current shift system with work-life balance were less common in the 12-hour shift schedule. The found differences between the shift systems were minor and the results did not indicate significant disadvantages of the 12-hour fast forward-rotating shift system.

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How to schedule night shift work in order to reduce health and safety risks

Abstract: This Discussion Paper provides scientifically based recommendations on night shift schedules, including consecutive shifts, shift intervals and duration, which may minimize health and safety risks.

Cited by 74 publications

References 86 publications

The acute effects of working time patterns on fatigue and sleep quality using daily measurements of 6195 observations among 223 shift workers

The acute effects of working time patterns on fatigue and sleep quality using daily measurements of 6195 observations among 223 shift workers

How the Intensity of Night Shift Work Affects Breast Cancer Risk

Sleep, sleepiness and need for recovery of industrial employees after a change from an 8- to a 12-hour shift system

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