How unique is the Udachnaya-East kimberlite? Comparison with kimberlites from the Slave Craton (Canada) and SW Greenland

Kamenetsky, Vadim S.; Kamenetsky, Maya B.; Weiss, Yair; Navon, O.; Nielsen, Thorkild; Mernagh, Terrence P.

doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2009.03.032

Cited by 133 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The Raman band around 1076 cm À1 is much more intense than in the case of the carbonate-free compounds 2 and 3. This may be due to the coincidence of the Raman bands caused by (ZT) 2À and CO 2À 3 , since many REE carbonate minerals also exhibit this characteristic band [55]. In conclusion, compound 4 undoubtedly contains both carbonate and ZT anions, but not nitrate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Nitrogen‐Rich Compounds of the Lanthanoids: Highlights and Summary

Steinhäuser

Giester

Leopold

et al. 2010

Helvetica Chimica Acta

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In this third part of our research on the 5,5'-azobis[1H-tetrazol-1-ides] (ZT) of the lanthanoids, we present two compounds with La 2 (ZT) 3 moieties with very different coordination modes between the cations and the anions. One La 2 (ZT) 3 -containing compound is interesting, because it contains trimeric La 3 (ZT) 3 III cations, which are arranged in a windmill-like structure. Moreover, the first double salt of a ZT compound, namely the carbonate compound La 2 (ZT) 2 (CO 3 ) · 12 H 2 O, is presented and discussed. Another highlight of nitrogen chemistry is the first molecular structure of a 5-azido-2H-tetrazole (CHN 7 ) molecule, in the form of the spectacular compound Dy 2 (ZT) 3 · 4 CHN 7 · 24 H 2 O. This is the first known complete molecular structure of an azidotetrazole molecule (the organic molecule with the highest nitrogen-content: 88.3% N). All compounds have been characterized completely including elemental analyses, vibrational (IR and Raman) spectroscopy, and X-ray crystal-structure determination. We summarize our nitrogen-rich compounds of the lanthanoids project and extensively discuss selected literature on this topic and compare previously published results with ours.

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mentioning

confidence: 86%

Nitrogen‐Rich Compounds of the Lanthanoids: Highlights and Summary

Steinhäuser

Giester

Leopold

et al. 2010

Helvetica Chimica Acta

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“…The relative distribution (% occurrence based on counting statistics) of each type of mineral phase is listed in Table 1, and these were randomly distributed amongst the different carbonatite samples (n ¼ 12) investigated here. Similar mineral associations have been identified only in two principal rock types: natrocarbonatites 22 , and groundmass, chloride-carbonate and diamond inclusions, and olivine and Cr-spinel hosted inclusions within kimberlites [23][24][25][26][27] . Guzmics et al 12 recently examined the melt inclusions associated with the extrusive (volcanic) calciocarbonatites at Kerimasi volcano (Tanzania), and their results indicate that the carbonatite melt fraction contained between 10 and 20 wt% Na 2 O and K 2 O. Kerimasi is located several kilometres from Oldoinyo Lengai and therefore the alkali-rich nature of its carbonatites is not surprising.…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 52%

Evidence for the alkaline nature of parental carbonatite melts at Oka complex in Canada

2013

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The Earth's sole active carbonatite volcano, Oldoinyo Lengai (Tanzania), is presently erupting unique natrocarbonatite lavas that are characterized by Na-and K-bearing magmatic carbonates of nyerereite [Na 2 Ca(CO 3 ) 2 ] and gregoryite [(Na 2 ,K 2 ,Ca)CO 3 ]. Contrarily, the vast majority of older, plutonic carbonatite occurrences worldwide are dominated by Ca-(calcite) or Mg-(dolomite)-rich magmatic carbonates. Consequently, this leads to the conundrum as to the composition of primary, mantle-derived carbonatite liquids. Here we report a detailed chemical investigation of melt inclusions associated with intrusive (plutonic) calcite-rich carbonatites from the B120 Ma carbonatite complex of Oka (Canada). Melt inclusions are hosted by magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), which crystallizes through a significant period of carbonatite melt solidification. Our results indicate mineral assemblages within the melt inclusions that are consistent with those documented in natrocarbonatite lavas. We propose therefore that derivation of alkali-enriched parental carbonatite melts has been more prevalent than that preserved in the geological record.

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“…This, and the broadly similar temperature of megacryst formation and kimberlite melt crystallisation (b850°C; Kamenetsky et al, 2004;Kamenetsky et al, 2013a;Kamenetsky et al, 2007;Kamenetsky et al, 2009a), further suggest that the megacrysts and host kimberlite magma may share the same source/domain in the heterogeneous lithospheric mantle.…”

Section: Are Megacrysts and Kimberlite Melt Related?mentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Compositionally-similar melt inclusions, containing carbonates (magnesite, dolomite, Ca-Na-K carbonates), phosphates (apatite and bradleyite), kalsilite, phlogopite, alkali-sulfates and alkalichlorides in ilmenite and olivine of the polymict breccia xenoliths from the Bultfontein kimberlite, have been suggested to be pristine examples of primary kimberlite melt with alkali-carbonate composition entrapped at mantle depths (Giuliani et al, 2012(Giuliani et al, , 2013(Giuliani et al, , 2014. This component is undoubtedly carried from the mantle to the surface by kimberlite magmas, as evidenced by the Na-rich carbonate-chloride melt inclusions trapped in olivine, phlogopite and Cr-spinel phenocrysts in archetypal kimberlites from Siberia, Canada and Greenland (Kamenetsky et al, 2004(Kamenetsky et al, , 2009a(Kamenetsky et al, , 2009b(Kamenetsky et al, , 2013a. We therefore conclude that the melt inclusions trapped in the healed fractures traversing the Monastery megacrysts represent relics of the alkalicarbonate kimberlite melt.…”

Section: Implications For the Kimberlite Meltmentioning

confidence: 99%