How well do we understand the neural origins of the fMRI BOLD signal?

Arthurs, Owen J.; Boniface, Simon

doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01995-0

Cited by 325 publications

(227 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It may be that the anterior cingulate gyrus deactivation we observe is contributing to the measured electrical field. The neurophysiologic basis of fMRI deactivation is currently unclear, but probably represents reduced neural and synaptic activity (7,13). If deactivation were to be associated with inhibitory postsynaptic potentials, effects on the scalp recorded electrical field would be possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benign Epilepsy with Centro‐temporal Spikes: Spike Triggered fMRI Shows Somato‐sensory Cortex Activity

et al. 2003

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Summary:Objective: We performed spike triggered functional MRI (fMRI) in a 12 year old girl with Benign Epilepsy with Centro-temporal Spikes (BECTS) and left-sided spikes.Our aim was to demonstrate the cerebral origin of her interictal spikes.Methods: EEG was recorded within the 3 Tesla MRI. Whole brain fMRI images were acquired, beginning 2-3 seconds after spikes. Baseline fMRI images were acquired when there were no spikes for 20 seconds. Image sets were compared with the Student's t-test.Results: Ten spike and 20 baseline brain volumes were analysed. Focal activiation was seen in the inferior left sensorimotor cortex near the face area. The anterior cingulate was more active during baseline than spikes.Conclusions: Left sided epileptiform activity in this patient with BECTS is associated with fMRI activation in the left face region of the somatosensory cortex, which would be consistent with the facial sensorimotor involvement in BECT seizures. The presence of BOLD signal change in other regions raises the possibility that the scalp recorded field of this patient with BECTs may reflect electrical change in more than one brain region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benign Epilepsy with Centro‐temporal Spikes: Spike Triggered fMRI Shows Somato‐sensory Cortex Activity

et al. 2003

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“…More deeply, the differences in the anatomical location of the ROIs may be a reflective of the variability in the neuronal composition of the ROIs. For example, the ROI with greater GABAergic tonic firing might show a change in the BOLD signal due to the changed metabolic demand or reduced net spike activity by the inhibitor synaptic activity, than that with less GABAergic tonic firing (Arthurs and Boniface 2002), and thus lead to differences in the ROI FC patterns. In addition, information outside the functional connectivity pattern of a specific ROI cannot be obtained by this method.…”

Section: Spatial Pattern Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous brain activity observed with functional magnetic resonance imaging as a potential biomarker in neuropsychiatric disorders

et al. 2010

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As functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have yielded increasing amounts of information about the brain's spontaneous activity, they have revealed fMRI's potential to locate changes in brain hemodynamics that are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. In this paper, we review studies that support the notion that changes in brain spontaneous activity observed by fMRI can be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment evaluation in neuropsychiatric disorders. We first review the methods used to study spontaneous activity from the perspectives of (1) the properties of local spontaneous activity, (2) the spatial pattern of spontaneous activity, and (3) the topological properties of brain networks. We also summarize the major findings associated with major neuropsychiatric disorders obtained using these methods. Then we review the pilot studies that have used spontaneous activity to discriminate patients from normal controls. Finally, we discuss current challenges and potential research directions to further elucidate the clinical use of spontaneous brain activity in neuropsychiatric disorders.

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“…during inhibitory neurotransmission) and that the imaging signals might extend beyond the boundaries of the neurons generating spikes. The current status of these issues has been reviewed recently [62]. In regard to spatial specificity, most notable are the concepts that fMRI imaging signals might be linked more to a large population of neurons displaying alterations in their postsynaptic potentials (as reflected in local field potentials) than to phasic spiking output [63][64][65][66].…”

Section: Functional Imaging Signals Versus Neuronal Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%