How will climate change influence grapevine cv. Tempranillo photosynthesis under different soil textures?

Abstract

While photosynthetic responses to elevated CO2, elevated temperature, or water availability have previously been reported for grapevine as responses to single stress factors, reports on the combined effect of multiple stress factors are scarce. In the present work, we evaluated effects of simulated climate change [CC; 700 ppm CO2, 28/18 °C, and 33/53% relative humidity (RH), day/night] versus current conditions (375 ppm CO2, 24/14 °C, and 45/65% RH), water availability (well-irrigated vs. water deficit), and different types of soil textures (41, 19, and 8% of soil clay contents) on grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo) photosynthesis. Plants were grown using the fruit-bearing cutting model. CC increased the photosynthetic activity of grapevine plants grown under well-watered conditions, but such beneficial effects of elevated CO2, elevated temperature, and low RH were abolished by water deficit. Under water-deficit conditions, plants subjected to CC conditions had similar photosynthetic rates as those grown under current conditions, despite their higher sub-stomatal CO2 concentrations. As expected, water deficit reduced photosynthetic activity in association with inducing stomatal closure that prevents water loss. Evidence for photosynthetic downregulation under elevated CO2 was observed, with decreases in photosynthetic capacity and leaf N content and increases in the C/N ratio in plants subjected to CC conditions. Soil texture had no marked effects on photosynthesis and did not modify the photosynthetic response to CC and water-deficit conditions. However, in mature well-irrigated plants grown in the soils with the highest sand content, an important decrease in stomatal conductance was observed as well as a slight decrease in the utilization of absorbed light in photosynthetic electron transport (measured as photochemical quenching), possibly related to a low water-retention capacity of these soils even under well-watered conditions.

Enrichment of Atmospheric Co2 in the Growth and Quality of Mini Watermelon Fruit Cv. Smile Irrigated With Salina Water

“…In vines treated with and without water stress and with and without increasing CO2 concentration (700ppm), the plants under stress had lower values for SC, while plants without water stress and without increase in CO2 concentration showed the highest values (LEIBAR et al, 2015). The results were similar to those obtained in the present study.…”

Grapevine nutritional status and K concentration of must under future expected climatic conditions texturally different soils

“…As reported by Leibar et al (2015), at veraison there were no differences in stomatal conductance, but at maturity, water- ). Among well-watered plants, there were no differences between FCC and Curr in leaf transpiration (Leibar et al, 2015). Therefore, the lower Ca and Zn In this regard, Esteban et al (1999) reported that the absorption of K may be limited in dry soils.…”

“…The effects could be more or less pronounced when grapevines grow under these conditions for several years. As an example it is largely stated that plants acclimated its photosynthesis rate to high CO 2 atmospheric concentration as it was reported at this experiment (Leibar et al, 2015).…”

“…However, wellwatered plants had 69.55% higher leaf dry weights and 20.67% higher total dry weights than plants subjected to water stress (Table 5). (Leibar et al, 2015). Greater leaf biomasses usually resulted in a dilution of nutrients and, therefore, lower nutrient concentrations (Ata-Ul- et al, 2014).…”

“…Analysis by X-ray diffraction was carried out on the same soil type in the area where the sample was taken and showed that approximately 69% of the clay was illite, 10% chlorite, 12% kaolinite and 9% of one interlayer of vermiculite / smectite. The container capacity of each soil was measured as described by Leibar et al (2015). The properties of the different soil:sand mixtures are shown in Table 1.…”