HPLC detection of loss rate and cell migration of HUVECs in a proanthocyanidin cross-linked recombinant human collagen-peptide (RHC)–chitosan scaffold

Effects of proanthocyanidin, a crosslinking agent, on physical and biological properties of collagen hydrogel scaffold

“…Since PACs exhibit a close affinity to collagen and dentin and have the ability to crosslink collagen, PAC treatment may result in synergistic and beneficial effects on PDL tissue regeneration in delayed replantation when considering the specific clinical circumstances osculating with the surface of dentin. In addition, PAC treatment into the collagen scaffold was reported to not only promote cell proliferation, but also permit cell migration into the scaffold 17. However, there have been no studies on the effects of PAC on hPDLCs cultured in the collagen scaffold.…”

“…Among these, scaffolds play a crucial role in tissue engineering by mimicking the function of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and by offering a three-dimensional spaciotemporal microenvironment for cell attachment, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism1314 A suitable scaffold also has other characteristics including a highly porous interconnected network with proper surface properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability harmonious with the rate of cell/tissue growth and maturation 1115. Collagen, a significant constituent of the natural ECM, has been regarded as the ideal material for soft tissue engineering constructs due to its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability 161718. However, collagen-based scaffolds have a crucial limitation on the use of artificial substitutes because of its high degradation rate and poor mechanical properties 161718.…”

“…Collagen, a significant constituent of the natural ECM, has been regarded as the ideal material for soft tissue engineering constructs due to its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability 161718. However, collagen-based scaffolds have a crucial limitation on the use of artificial substitutes because of its high degradation rate and poor mechanical properties 161718. Therefore, the crosslinking of collagen is an effective strategy to modify the drawbacks and provide strength, reinforcement, and stabilization to the fibrils enough to be used as biomaterials 1719.…”

“…However, collagen-based scaffolds have a crucial limitation on the use of artificial substitutes because of its high degradation rate and poor mechanical properties 161718. Therefore, the crosslinking of collagen is an effective strategy to modify the drawbacks and provide strength, reinforcement, and stabilization to the fibrils enough to be used as biomaterials 1719. There are physical and chemical crosslinking methods currently available.…”

“…These compounds possess a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological properties against free radicals and oxidative stress as antioxidants 23. They are also known as natural biocompatible collagen crosslinkers and biomodification agents of dentin due to their ability to increase collagen synthesis.21 It was reported that PACs crosslinked the recombinant human collagen-peptide-chitosan scaffold, promoted cell proliferation on the scaffold surface, and permitted cell migration into the scaffold 17. To date, however, there has been no research on the effects of PACs, a crosslinking agent, on human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) cultured in the collagen hydrogel scaffold.…”