HPLC determination of perfluorinated carboxylic acids with fluorescence detection

Abstract

Perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) represent an important group of persistent perfluorinated organic compounds commonly determined in environmental and biological samples. A reversed-phase HPLC method was developed based on derivatization of the PFCAs with the commercially available fluorescent reagent 3-bromoacetyl coumarin. The method was optimized and this resulted in the efficient separation of PFCAs containing from 3 to 12 carbon atoms in molecule in 25 min run. To improve sensitivity, the preconcentration step has been optimized using Oasis-WAX and C18 sorbents for SPE. A 100-fold preconcentration is achieved by solid-phase extraction with the sorbent C18 Sep-PAK to result in limits of detection in the range from 43 to 75 ppt for the analytes examined, and in the application of the method of water analysis.FigureChromatogram of mixture of perfluorinated carboxylic acids C3-PFCA – C12-PFCA with fluorescence detection after derivatization with 3-bromoacetyl coumarin (b), and blank (a)

A highly sensitive photoelectrochemical detection of perfluorooctanic acid with molecularly imprined polymer-functionalized nanoarchitectured hybrid of AgI–BiOI composite

“…0.01 ppb) based on the response of three times the standard deviation of zero-dose response (n¼ 6). The detection limit obtained is significantly lower than that of the HPLC-FLD (Poboży et al, 2011) and GC-ECD (Scott et al, 2006;Dufkova et al, 2009) techniques (around tens of parts per billion to parts per million levels), superior to that of the colorimetric assay (10 ppb) (Niu et al, 2014), and also lower than that obtained using fluorous membrane ionselective electrodes ( $ 0.07 ppb) (Chen et al, 2013) (comparison of different methods for PFOA sensing listed in Table S1). Our findings indicate that the proposed PEC sensor is remarkably reliable for the determination of PFOA.…”

“…Our findings indicate that the proposed PEC sensor is remarkably reliable for the determination of PFOA. As known, the concentration of total PFCs in natural water samples is in the range of tenths to hundreds of parts per trillion (Poboży et al, 2011;Scott et al, 2006;Dufkova et al, 2009). Currently, the most accepted approach to PFOA/PFO À analysis is LC-MS/MS methods, which could allow better detection limits (0.01 ppt to 0.01 ppb) (Voogt and Saéz, 2006).…”

New Analytical Methods Developed for Determination of Perfluorinated Surfactants in Waters and Wastes

“…7 The studies were focused on the investigation of two coumarin fluorophores similar to 3-bromoacetyl-7-methoxycoumarin mentioned above. Both fluorophores employed in this work, namely 3-bromoacetylcoumarin (3-BrAC) and 4-bromomethyl-7-methoxycoumarin (BrMMC), are commercially available, and the latter one has already been widely employed for derivatization of carboxylic acids for the HPLC determination with fluorimetric detection of e.g.…”

“…Because of a large variety of perfluorinated compounds present in environmental samples the best results can be obtained using the highperformance chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (LC/MS). 5 For this purpose also some other detection methods can also be employed such as the fluorescence 6,7 with appropriate derivatization of analytes or the conductometric 8 one. For the purpose of the environmental monitoring of total amount of fluorinated organic types (total organic fluorine, TOF 9 ) several methods of their decomposition by combustion 10 or chemical reduction [11][12][13] have been developed and combined with different methods of fluoride determination.…”

Determination of perfluorinated carboxylic acids in water using liquid chromatography coupled to a corona-charged aerosol detector

“…Wójcik et al developed a capillary zone electrophoretic method with indirect UV detection using 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid as a chromophore probe to analyze PFCAs (C6-C12) in water, which had detection limits in the range from 0.6 to 2.4 ppm [14]. Except of this, the most commonly employed method for PFCAs determination was liquid chromatography [15][16][17]. Due to their lack of suitable chromophores, the analysis of PFCAs using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorimetric detector (FLD) or ultraviolet-visible (UV) detector requires derivation of PFCAs prior to analysis.…”