Hpr (ScoC) and the phosphorelay couple cell cycle and sporulation in<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>

Shafikhani, Sasha H.; Núñez, Esperanza; Leighton, Terrance

doi:10.1016/s0378-1097(03)00936-4

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, resistance to DNA damages decreases in the yabT mutant spores. Both phenotypes were also observed in a recA mutant ( Shafikhani et al, 2004 ; Bidnenko et al, 2013 ). The recombinase RecA is actually a YabT substrate in vitro (phosphorylation on Ser2) and consistently, RecA was previously identified in a phosphoproteome study revealing the same phosphorylated residue ( Soufi et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Sporulationmentioning

confidence: 73%

Impact of Serine/Threonine Protein Kinases on the Regulation of Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis

2016

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Bacteria possess many kinases that catalyze phosphorylation of proteins on diverse amino acids including arginine, cysteine, histidine, aspartate, serine, threonine, and tyrosine. These protein kinases regulate different physiological processes in response to environmental modifications. For example, in response to nutritional stresses, the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis can differentiate into an endospore; the initiation of sporulation is controlled by the master regulator Spo0A, which is activated by phosphorylation. Spo0A phosphorylation is carried out by a multi-component phosphorelay system. These phosphorylation events on histidine and aspartate residues are labile, highly dynamic and permit a temporal control of the sporulation initiation decision. More recently, another kind of phosphorylation, more stable yet still dynamic, on serine or threonine residues, was proposed to play a role in spore maintenance and spore revival. Kinases that perform these phosphorylation events mainly belong to the Hanks family and could regulate spore dormancy and spore germination. The aim of this mini review is to focus on the regulation of sporulation in B. subtilis by these serine and threonine phosphorylation events and the kinases catalyzing them.

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Section: Sporulationmentioning

confidence: 73%

Impact of Serine/Threonine Protein Kinases on the Regulation of Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis

2016

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“…The ftsA gene of B. subtilis is involved in both vegetative and sporulation cell division but as for the divIB80 mutation, a temperature‐sensitive allele of ftsA [( spoIIN279 (Ts) or ftsA279 (Ts)] prevents efficient transcription of the Spo0A‐dependent spoIIG operon (Karmazyn‐Campelli et al ., 1992; Louie et al ., 1992; Kenney et al ., 1988). It appears that the ftsA279 (Ts) mutation reduces production of phosphorylated (active) Spo0A (Shafikhani et al ., 2004), but the sporulation phenotype can be significantly suppressed by deletion of the soj‐spo0J locus (Ireton et al ., 1994). At the restrictive temperature, the ftsA279 (Ts) allele could behave at least in part as the divIB mutation, reducing the concentration of (functional) protein, suggesting that FtsA may also contribute to counteract the activity of Soj.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell division protein DivIB influences the Spo0J/Soj system of chromosome segregation in Bacillus subtilis

Real¹,

Autret²,

Harry³

et al. 2004

Molecular Microbiology

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SummaryThe initiation of the developmental process of sporulation in the rod-shaped bacterium Bacillus subtilis involves the activation of the Spo0A response regulator. Spo0A then drives the switch in the site of division septum formation from midcell to a polar position. Activated Spo0A is required for the transcription of key sporulation loci such as spoIIG , which are negatively regulated by the Soj protein. The transcriptional repressing activity of Soj is antagonized by Spo0J, and both proteins belong to the wellconserved Par family of partitioning proteins. Soj has been shown to jump from nucleoid to nucleoid via the cell pole. The dynamic behaviour of Soj is somehow controlled by Spo0J, which prevents the static association of Soj with the nucleoid, and presumably its transcriptional repression activity. Soj in turn is required for the proper condensation of Spo0J foci around the oriC region. The asymmetric partitioning of the sporangial cell requires DivIB and other proteins involved in vegetative (medial) division. We describe an allele of the cell division gene divIB ( divIB80 ) that reduces the cellular levels of DivIB, and affects nucleoid structure and segregation in growing cells, yet has no major impact on cell division. In divIB80 cells Spo0J foci are not correctly condensed and Soj associates statically with the nucleoid. The divIB80 allele prevents transcription of spoIIG , and arrests sporulation prior to the formation of the asymmetric division septum. The defect in Spo0A-dependent gene expression, and the Spo -phenotype can be suppressed by expression of divIB in trans or by deletion of the soj-spo0J locus. However, deletion of the spo0J-soj region does not restore the normal cellular levels of DivIB. Therefore, the reduced levels of DivIB in the divIB80 mutant are sufficient for efficient cell division, but not to sustain a second, earlier function of DivIB related to the activity of the Spo0J/ Soj system of chromosome segregation.

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“…While these roles of RecA have been extensively studied in exponentially growing bacteria, precious little is known about RecA role during sporulation. Inactivation of recA has been shown to reduce sporulation efficiency of B. subtilis (Shafikhani et al ., ), and it provoked a defect in prespore nucleoid condensation (Sciochetti et al ., ). We demonstrate that the non‐phosphorylatable mutant of RecA exhibits the same phenotype as the Δ yabT strain, and the phosphomimetic mutant of RecA can restore the phenotype of Δ yabT into wild type.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus subtilis serine/threonine protein kinase YabT is involved in spore development via phosphorylation of a bacterial recombinase

Bidnenko

Shi

Kobir

et al. 2013

Molecular Microbiology

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We characterized YabT, a serine/threonine kinase of the Hanks family, from Bacillus subtilis. YabT is a putative transmembrane kinase that lacks the canonical extracellular signal receptor domain. We demonstrate that YabT possesses a DNA-binding motif essential for its activation. In vivo YabT is expressed during sporulation and localizes to the asymmetric septum. Cells devoid of YabT sporulate more slowly and exhibit reduced resistance to DNA damage during sporulation. We established that YabT phosphorylates DNA-recombinase RecA at the residue serine 2. A non-phosphorylatable mutant of RecA exhibits the same phenotype as the ΔyabT mutant, and a phosphomimetic mutant of RecA complements ΔyabT, suggesting that YabT acts via RecA phosphorylation in vivo. During spore development, phosphorylation facilitates the formation of transient and mobile RecA foci that exhibit a scanning-like movement associated to the nucleoid in the mother cell. In some cells these foci persist at the end of spore development. We show that persistent RecA foci, which presumably coincide with irreparable lesions, are mutually exclusive with the completion of spore morphogenesis. Our results highlight similarities between the bacterial serine/threonine kinase YabT and eukaryal kinases C-Abl and Mec1, which are also activated by DNA, and phosphorylate proteins involved in DNA damage repair.

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Hpr (ScoC) and the phosphorelay couple cell cycle and sporulation inBacillus subtilis

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Impact of Serine/Threonine Protein Kinases on the Regulation of Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis

Impact of Serine/Threonine Protein Kinases on the Regulation of Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis

Cell division protein DivIB influences the Spo0J/Soj system of chromosome segregation in Bacillus subtilis

Bacillus subtilis serine/threonine protein kinase YabT is involved in spore development via phosphorylation of a bacterial recombinase

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