HPV Vaccine against Anal HPV Infection and Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Abstract

Use of the qHPV vaccine reduced the rates of anal intraepithelial neoplasia, including of grade 2 or 3, among men who have sex with men. The vaccine had a favorable safety profile and may help to reduce the risk of anal cancer. (Funded by Merck and the National Institutes of Health; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00090285.).

Acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccination among academics at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

“…Clinical trial studies have proved a very high efficacy for both vaccines. [5][6][7][8] Globally, the vaccination rate is still inadequate. 9,10 In South Africa, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women.…”

Human papillomavirus DNA load and p16INK4aexpression predict for local control in patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy

“…3,4 As a consequence, technologies for the detection of HPV DNA may constitute valuable screening tools for anal malignancies and are of important clinical relevance, especially after the development of a preventive vaccine for both men and women. 5 Depending on the method used, the prevalence of HPV DNA in anal carcinoma ranges from 75% to 100% with HPV16 (>75%) and less frequent HPV18 (<10%) detection in the majority of cases. 6,7 In clinical series of head and neck as well as cervical SCC, recent data indicate that treatment response to radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is superior in HPV-positive tumors as compared with their HPV-negative counterparts.…”

“…13,[15][16][17] In line with that, several studies indicated that p16 INK4a detection by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is predictive for a significantly improved response to treatment with RT/CRT and a more favourable prognosis in patients with HPV-associated malignancies. 5,8,9,18 The present study aimed to investigate the impact of tumor HPV genotype, HPV16 DNA load, and p16 INK4a immunohistochemical expression on local failure rates, risk of distant metastases, cancer specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) in patients uniformly treated by standard CRT for anal SSC. Our data demonstrate that low initial HPV16 DNA load and low p16 INK4a expression were associated with an increased risk of local failure and decreased OS following standard CRT, indicating that these tumors may represent a high-risk subpopulation of anal SCC that may require intensified or alternative treatment strategies.…”

Burden of Cervical, Anal, and Oral HPV in an Inner-City Pre-vaccine Adolescent Population

“…The majority of subjects (82 %) had had at least three sexual partners at the time of enrollment, and 53 % had four or more partners. The overall median age at first vaginal intercourse was 14 years (range [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], and history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs; 47 %) was high, including for Chlamydia (33 %). Over a third of cervical Paps collected at enrollment showed atypical cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS; 23 %) or presence of squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL 15 %/HSIL 1 %).…”