HRTEM, XPS and XRD characterization of ZnS/PbS nanorods prepared by thermal evaporation technique

Abstract

Zinc sulfide (ZnS) and zinc sulfide/lead sulfide (ZnS/PbS) nanorods were grown on glass substrates using a thermal evaporation method. The morphology of the prepared samples has been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Both differences and similarities in morphology between the samples have been discovered. In the ZnS/PbS sample, ZnS nanorods were formed with diameter less than 50 nm and length between 2000 and 3000 nm. The pure ZnS sample has dense structure and its thickness was about 200 nm. Samples were studied in detail using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The surface chemical compositions of the samples were confirmed by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The determination of the crystal structure using the X-ray diffraction revealed that two phases of ZnS, blende and wurtzite, are present in the sample after adding Pb, while only blende is identified in the pure ZnS sample.

Pt‐functionalized Amorphous RuOx as Excellent Stability and High‐activity Catalysts for Low Temperature MEMS Sensors

“…Figure 5b and Figure S19 show the corresponding ex situ XPS spectra taken from Zn 2p, Ru 3d, S 2p and Pt 4f levels. The Zn 2p 3/2 peaks PtRu‐10/ZnO and Ru/ZnO in H 2 S with binding energy at 1022.00 eV and 1024.00 eV correspond to Zn in ZnO and Zn in ZnS, respectively, [ 21 ] revealing formation of ZnS during the gas‐sensitive reaction. The Ru 3d spectrum of PtRu‐10/ZnO and Ru/ZnO is shifted towards higher binding energies in H 2 S by 0.3 and 0.7 eV compared to that in air, respectively, proving that the RuO x as an electron donating site when the PtRu‐10/ZnO and Ru/ZnO is exposed to H 2 S. [ 22 ] The S 2p spectrum in H 2 S is known to contain the S 2p 3/2 and S 2p 1/2 spin‐orbit doublet.…”

“…The Ru 3d spectrum of PtRu‐10/ZnO and Ru/ZnO is shifted towards higher binding energies in H 2 S by 0.3 and 0.7 eV compared to that in air, respectively, proving that the RuO x as an electron donating site when the PtRu‐10/ZnO and Ru/ZnO is exposed to H 2 S. [ 22 ] The S 2p spectrum in H 2 S is known to contain the S 2p 3/2 and S 2p 1/2 spin‐orbit doublet. The binding energy of S 2p 3/2 is located at161.3 eV and 163.0 eV, corresponding to S in ZnS and PtS, respectively, [ 21,22 ] which reveals in H 2 S atmosphere the generation of Pt‐S. The ex situ XPS results show that the Pt valence of PtRu‐10/ZnO partially decreased from Pt 4+ to Pt 2+ upon exposure of the sample to H 2 S, indicating that the presence of Pt‐S in the gas‐sensitive reaction process.…”

One‐step synthesis of ZnS/ZnO using HMDA as precursor and active part for high photocatalytic hydrogen production

“…The peak around 161.5 eV for 2p 3/2 is very close to that reported for Zn–S bonding in ZnS, 20 so it is possible that the peaks for the 6HDMA and 9HDMA samples were shifted toward a lower energy due to interactions with Zn from the ZnO bonded to surface OH groups. The signal corresponding to 2p 1/2 observed at around 162 eV could be due to the presence of S–O, S–C, or S–H bonds 26 …”

“…The signal corresponding to 2p 1/2 observed at around 162 eV could be due to the presence of S-O, S-C, or S-H bonds. 26…”

Effect of PbS on ZnS nanostructure deposited using thermal evaporation: growth, morphological and structural study

“…The morphology for both ZnS and PbS films are granular form. This classical growth has been conformed 8,12 , but to obtain nanowires/nanorods as well as nanostructures we need to catalyst for created and nucleated as shown in recent woks 27 , where, we need to precursor and/or catalytic agent.…”