HTLV-1 and other viral sexually transmitted infections in antenatal and gynaecological patients in Ghana

Apea-Kubi, KA; Yamaguchi, S; Sakyi, Bright; Ofori‐Adjei, David

doi:10.4314/wajm.v25i1.28239

Cited by 11 publications

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“…One in 25 African-born women was seropositive for HCV and these women were significantly less likely to be coinfected than those born in Western/Central Europe. Studies of predominantly HIV-uninfected pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa estimate antenatal HCV prevalences of 1-5% [13,24,25] and several found no evidence of significantly increased prevalence associated with HIV infection [13,14]. The prevalence of active HBV infection found in our cohort is consistent with the lower ranges reported by other HIV cohort studies in developed country settings [4,26].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Hepatitis B or hepatitis C coinfection in HIV‐infected pregnant women in Europe

et al. 2008

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ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for hepatitis C or B virus (HCV or HBV) coinfection among HIV-infected pregnant women, and to investigate their immunological and virological characteristics and antiretroviral therapy use. MethodsInformation on HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity and HCV antibody (anti-HCV) was collected retrospectively from the antenatal records of HIV-infected women enrolled in the European Collaborative Study and linked to prospectively collected data. ResultsOf 1050 women, 4.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.6-6.3] were HBsAg positive and 12.3% (95% CI 10.4-14.4) had anti-HCV antibody. Women with an injecting drug use(r) (IDU) history had the highest HCV-seropositivity prevalence (28%; 95% CI 22.8-35.7). Risk factors for HCV seropositivity included IDU history [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.92; 95% CI 1.86-4.58], age (for 35 years vs. o25 years, AOR 3.45; 95% CI 1. 66-7.20) and HBsAg carriage (AOR 5.80; 95% CI 2.78-12.1). HBsAg positivity was associated with African origin (AOR 2.74; 95% CI 1.20-6.26) and HCV seropositivity (AOR 6.44;). Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use was less likely in HIV/HCV-seropositive than in HIV-monoinfected women (AOR 0.34;. HCV seropositivity was associated with a higher adjusted HIV RNA level ( 1 0.28log 10 HIV-1 RNA copies/ mL vs. HIV-monoinfected women; P 5 0.03). HIV/HCV-seropositive women were twice as likely to have detectable HIV in the third trimester/delivery as HIV-monoinfected women (AOR 1.95; P 5 0.049). ConclusionsAlthough HCV serostatus impacted on HAART use, the association between HCV seropositivity and uncontrolled HIV viraemia in late pregnancy was independent of HAART.Keywords: epidemiology, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, pregnancy DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.00599.x HIV Medicine (2008 Coinfection with these viruses is a growing problem and liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected people in resource-rich settings [3][4][5].The clinical management of HIV-infected individuals coinfected with HCV or HBV is challenging, and HIV infection is known to have a negative impact on the outcome of HCV and HBV infections [6,7]. Although whether or not HCV directly impacts upon HIV disease progression remains controversial [3,[8][9][10], the complex interactions between HIV/HCV coinfection and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use and the indirect effect of these on HIV disease progression are increasingly apparent [6,7,11]. Few studies have addressed the issue of coinfection with HCV and/or HBV in HIV-infected pregnant women to date [12][13][14][15] and, in particular, there are no data on the prevalence of HIV/HCV or HIV/HBV coinfection in antenatal populations in Europe. Understanding the epidemiology of HBV, HCV and HIV coinfection in pregnant women is important because of vertical transmission risks [16,17] and to inform clinical management.We conducted a substudy within the European Collaborative Study (ECS) to estimate the prevalence of and ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Hepatitis B or hepatitis C coinfection in HIV‐infected pregnant women in Europe

et al. 2008

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“…The gender of the participants was not specified in 5 studies [ 46 , 47 , 52 – 54 ]. Five studies restricted to females [ 39 – 42 , 45 ] and no study restricted to males only. Two studies [ 48 , 51 ] documented no difference among male and female participants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B in Ghana: a systematic review & meta-analysis of prevalence studies (1995-2015)

Ofori‐Asenso¹,

Agyeman²

2016

BMC Infect Dis

160

158

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BackgroundAlthough, chronic hepatitis B (HBV) is considered to be of significant public health importance in Ghana, not many reviews detailing the burden (prevalence) of the disease have been conducted. This study was aimed at summarizing the available information and to make an accurate estimate of HBV infection prevalence in Ghana over the last two decades (1995–2015).MethodsA systematic search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Africa Journals Online (AJOL) databases to retrieve primary studies published between 1st January 1995 and 4th October 2015, assessing the prevalence of HBV among populations in Ghana. This was supplemented by a manual search of retrieved references.ResultsThirty (30) studies across all the ten (10) regions of Ghana and involving an overall population size of 105,435 were analyzed. The national prevalence of HBV as determined by HBsAg seropositivity was 12.3 %. HBV prevalence among voluntary blood donors (VBDs), replacement blood donors (RBDs) and pregnant women were 10.8, 12.7 and 13.1 % respectively. HBV infection prevalence was highest among studies published within the period 1995–2002 (17.3 %), followed by those published within 2003–2009 (14.7 %) and the lowest prevalence rate being recorded across studies published in the period 2010–2015 (10.2 %). Regional prevalence were determined for Ashanti, Greater Accra, Eastern, Northern, central and Brong-Ahafo regions as 13.1, 10.6, 13.6, 13.1, 11.5 and 13.7 % respectively. No aggregate data were derived for Volta, Western, Upper East and Upper West regions. Higher prevalence of HBV infection was attained for rural (13.3 %) compared to urban settings (12.2 %). Across the country, highest HBV infection prevalence rates were recorded in persons within the age group 16–39 years.ConclusionHepatitis B infection is clearly an important public health problem in Ghana. The burden of the disease as dictated by a high prevalence rate calls for urgent public health interventions and strategic policy directions to controlling the disease to avert any potential future explosion.

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“… Brandful et al [ 24 ] 1999 Cross-sectional Greater Accra, Ashanti, Eastern and Volta STD and general outpatient patients 34 182 16.5 44 High 2. Apea-Kubi et al [ 25 ] 2006 Prospective observational study Greater Accra Pregnant women and gynecological patients 29.6 12 41.7 100 High 3. Geretti et al [ 26 ] 2010 Cross-sectional Ashanti HIV clinic NS 838 16.7 NS High 4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B coinfection in Ghana: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Agyeman¹,

Ofori‐Asenso²

2016

AIDS Res Ther

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BackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection has been associated with higher morbidity and mortality and may impact significantly on healthcare resource utilization. However, in Ghana, accurate estimates of the prevalence of HIV/HBV coinfection needed to inform policy decisions and the design of public health interventions are currently lacking. In this study, our aim was to determine the HIV/HBV coinfection prevalence rate in Ghana.MethodsPrimary studies reporting prevalence of HIV/HBV coinfection in Ghana were retrieved through searches conducted in PubMed, science direct, Google scholar and Africa journals online (AJOL) databases. The websites of the Ministry of Health and Ghana Health Service were also searched for related reports or reviews. Additionally, the online repository of two leading Ghanaian universities were searched to identify unpublished thesis related to the subject. All online searches were conducted between 01/03/2016 and 12/03/2016. Further searches were conducted through reference screening of retrieved papers.ResultsTwelve (12) studies published between 1999 and 2016 and conducted across seven (7) regions of Ghana were included in this review. The three (3) regions with no studies’ representation were Upper East, Upper West and Central regions. The 12 included studies involved a total of 8162 HIV patients. The reported HIV/HBV coinfection prevalence rates ranged from 2.4 to 41.7 %. The pooled HIV/HBV coinfection prevalence rate was determined as 13.6 % (95 % CI 10.2–16.8 %; P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn Ghana, about one in seven HIV patients may be also be chronically infected with HBV. Preventive interventions and strategic policy directions including systematic screening of all newly diagnosed HIV cases for coinfection will be needed, so as to improve management strategies for HBV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) implementation.

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HTLV-1 and other viral sexually transmitted infections in antenatal and gynaecological patients in Ghana

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Hepatitis B or hepatitis C coinfection in HIV‐infected pregnant women in Europe

Hepatitis B or hepatitis C coinfection in HIV‐infected pregnant women in Europe

Hepatitis B in Ghana: a systematic review & meta-analysis of prevalence studies (1995-2015)

Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B coinfection in Ghana: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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