HUD symbology evaluation in a virtual reality flight simulation

Dreyer, Daniel R.; Oberhauser, Matthias; Bandow, Daniel

doi:10.1145/2669592.2669652

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In contrast to the unconscious aspects of eye movements, more studies observed positive correlations between conscious eye tracking metrics and SA (Dini et al, 2017;Dreyer et al, 2014;Hasanzadeh et al, 2018;Merchant et al, 2001;Moore & Gugerty, 2010;Paletta et al, 2017;van de Merwe et al, 2012). Metrics such as fixation rate, fixation count, dwell time, and dwell count were all found to be positively correlated with SA.…”

Section: Eye Tracking Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Measurements of Situation Awareness: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Objective The goal of this review is to investigate the relationship between indirect physiological measurements and direct measures of situation awareness (SA). Background Assessments of SA are often performed using techniques designed specifically to directly measure SA, such as SA global assessment technique (SAGAT), situation present assessment method (SPAM), and/or SA rating technique (SART). However, research suggests that physiological sensing methods may also be capable of inferring SA. Method Seven databases were searched. Eligibility criteria included human–subject experiments that used at least one direct SA assessment technique as well as at least one physiological measurement. Information extracted from each article were the physiological metric(s), direct SA measurement(s), correlation between these two metrics, and experimental task(s). Results Twenty-five articles were included in this review. Eye tracking techniques were the most commonly used physiological measures, and correlations between conscious aspects of eye movement measures and direct SA scores were observed. Evidence for cardiovascular predictors of SA was mixed. Only three electroencephalography (EEG) studies were identified, and their results suggest that EEG was sensitive to changes in SA. Overall, medium correlations were observed among the studies that reported a correlation coefficient between physiological and direct SA measures. Conclusion Reviewed studies observed relationships between a wide range of physiological measurements and direct assessments of SA. However, further investigations are needed to methodically collect more evidence. Application This review provides researchers and practitioners a summary of observed methods to indirectly assess SA with sensors and highlights research gaps to be addressed in future work.

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Section: Eye Tracking Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Measurements of Situation Awareness: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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“…The core system of the VRFS consists of an optical head and hand tracking system, an HMD, and a flight simulation, as shown in Figure 1 (Dreyer, Oberhauser, & Bandow, 2014). The HMD that is used for this study has a diagonal FOV of 60° and a resolution of 1,280 × 1,024 pixels for each eye.…”

Section: Virtual Realitymentioning

confidence: 99%

What’s Real About Virtual Reality Flight Simulation?

Oberhauser

Dreyer

Braunstingl

et al. 2018

Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors

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Abstract. With the help of immersive virtual reality technology, novel cockpit systems can be evaluated with pilots in an early design phase. This comparative study investigates the functional fidelity of a virtual reality flight simulator (VRFS) in comparison with a conventional flight simulator. Pilots’ movement time to reach cockpit controls, deviation from the ideal flight path, workload, and simulator sickness are evaluated using an operational scenario. The results show statistically significant differences in heading, altitude, and flight path, as well as delays in operating the controls in virtual reality. Yet, most participants could safely and reliably complete the flight task. For use cases in which adaptations to pace, exposure time, and flight task are acceptable, which is often the case in early phases of the design process, VRFSs can be viable tools for human factors engineering.

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“…slalom) between a virtual world and an experiment in reality. Recently, Dreyer et al [4] conducted experiments in a Virtual Reality Flight Simulation and used NASA-TLX and SART questionnaires in order to assess workload and SA in different cockpit layouts.…”

Section: Sa and Virtual Realitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The virtual reality environment used in this work is similar to the virtual reality flight simulator (VRFS) presented by Dreyer et al [4]. This system is based on a consumer flight simulator that is extended in order to get VR capabilities.…”

Section: The Virtual Reality Flight Simulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To simulate different levels of workload, new airspeed clearances are verbally communicated to the pilot every 60s. The pilot uses a Head-Up-Display (HUD) similar to the one studied by Dreyer in [4] and represented in Figure 2. Freezing times are generated by a gaussian incremental process with inter-freeze times sampled from N (30s, 100s 2 ) to prevent the subject to anticipate the freezing schedule.…”

Section: Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calibration of Online Situation Awareness Assessment Systems Using Virtual Reality

Mamessier

Dreyer

Oberhauser

2014

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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In an attempt to predict and prevent accident situations in complex socio-technical systems, one needs to be able to model and simulate concepts such as situation awareness (SA) and processes responsible for maintaining it. This is particularly true in the case of online support systems and adaptive displays which cannot rely on SA measurement techniques based on freeze probe techniques. This work investigates the state of the art in computational models of situation awareness and proposes a method to calibrate and evaluate such models using virtual reality human-in-the-loop experiments. This work introduces a new methodology to evaluate and calibrate online SA assessment systems taking advantage of the flexibility and reconfigurable power of virtual reality environments. This technology provides the experimenter with full control on the scenarios, cockpit types and interfaces. It also allows testing of off-nominal situations such as the loss of an instrument and more severe failures. Moreover, eye tracking capabilities provide an accurate way of registering monitoring events and feed SA assessment models with realistic data.

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HUD symbology evaluation in a virtual reality flight simulation

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Physiological Measurements of Situation Awareness: A Systematic Review

Physiological Measurements of Situation Awareness: A Systematic Review

What’s Real About Virtual Reality Flight Simulation?

Calibration of Online Situation Awareness Assessment Systems Using Virtual Reality

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