Huge Candida albicans normal native tricuspid valve endocarditis

Abstract

Fungal endocarditis has become an important infection associated with medical progress and the modern lifestyle. In particular, Candida spp. is a rare but important cause of infective endocarditis. We report the case of a 28-year-old woman—quadriplegic and bedridden from birth—who died after repeated episodes of pneumonia treated with different regimens of intravenous antibiotics. A medico legal autopsy was performed, which diagnosed severe Candida native valve infective endocarditis (CIE). This case report illustrates the prolonged use of antibiotic treatment as a possible risk factor for the development of CIE. We also considered how the bedridden condition and the presence of a central venous catheter may be additional risk factors for the development of this entity. Finally, we examined the absence of peripheral embolization in the setting of endocarditis of the right side of the heart.

Native valve endocarditis due to Candida albicans in two children: Two new case reports

“…Patients with vegetation size greater than 10 mm have an increased risk of embolism 17. Other risk factors for right-sided endocarditis are congenital heart diseases, cardiac devices such as pacemakers, defibrillators, and central venous catheters 6. One of our patients had pulmonary embolism asa complication of fungal right-sided endocarditis.…”

Fungal prosthetic aortic valve endocarditis and endarteritis: An unusual cause of aortic root vegetations

“…Candida endocarditis has been known to affect both native and prosthetic valves, and vegetations affecting all four heart valves have been well documented in the literature. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Other, less common, sites of infection have also been described, such as the right atrial septum, right ventricular cavity, and left atrial cavity. [22][23][24][25][26] Exogenous material in the body, such as CEID, are particularly susceptible to infection with C albicans as the microorganism produces a highly organized biofilm covered in an extracellular matrix that facilitates binding.…”

“…The only notable abnormality on his blood tests was a supratherapeutic INR to 10. On physical examination, the patient had a metallic second heart sound and a 3/4 diastolic murmur heart loudest at the lower left sternal border.…”

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Other, less common, sites of infection have also been described, such as the right atrial septum, right ventricular cavity, and left atrial cavity. Surgical specimen cultures grew C albicans, which was sensitive to fluconazole.…”

Antifungal Efficacy of Amphotericin B in Candida Albicans Endocarditis Therapy: Systematic Review

“…Infective endocarditis caused by Candida spp. is associated with a high mortality rate, between 30% and 80% [ 5 ] .…”