Human abilities.

Guilford, J. P.

doi:10.1037/h0058803

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Expression analysis and characterology dominated German psychology during the Nazi period (Geuter, 1987), and was aimed at eliminating "atomistic" distinctions between abilities and traits (Wiggins, 1973). The global concept of "practical disposition" replaced the earlier German concept of "pure intellect" and the American concept of multiple abilities measured by standardized tests (see Guilford, 1940). Indeed, psychometric methods, such as tests of ability or reaction time, were stereotyped as "Jewish" (Geuter, 1987).…”

Section: Identihing German Charactermentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Candidate as a Whole: A Historical and Critical Analysis of Individual Psychological Assessment for Personnel Decision Making

Highhouse¹

2002

Personnel Psychology

105

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Although individual assessment is a thriving area of professional practice in industry, it receives little, if any, attention from textbooks on industrial psychology or personnel management. This article is an attempt to establish individual assessment's place in the history of personnel selection, and to examine why the practice has survived despite receiving little attention in research and graduate training. It is argued that the clinical, holistic approach that has characterized individual‐assessment practice has survived primarily because the “elementalistic” testing approach, focusing on traits and abilities, has often been dismissed as inadequate for addressing the complexities of the executive profile. Moreover, public displeasure with standard paper‐and‐pencil testing in the 1960s and 1970s made the holistic approach to assessment an attractive, alternative. The article contrasts individual assessment practice with the current state of knowledge on psychological assessment and personnel decision making. Like psychotherapy in the 1950s, individual psychological assessment appears to have achieved the status of functional autonomy within psychology.

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Section: Identihing German Charactermentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Candidate as a Whole: A Historical and Critical Analysis of Individual Psychological Assessment for Personnel Decision Making

Highhouse¹

2002

Personnel Psychology

105

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“…That factors are oblique (with orthogonality as a "special case") has been argued by Cattell from the beginning, on general theoretical considerations; and although both Neuhaus and Wrigley (Quartimax, 1954) and Kaiser (Varimax, 1958) have developed orthogonal programs, they do not appear to advocate orthogonal rotations as anything more than approximations. Others, e.g., Guilford (1940), Vernon (1950), on the other hand, espouse orthogonality on principle. However, it is probably true that the prevalence of Varimax in published researches refleets its convenience and economy of machine time rather than any carefully reasoned position on the part of the users.…”

Section: Issues In Obtaining Simple Structure and Factor Invaf~iancementioning

confidence: 97%

Evidence on the Simple Structure and Factor Invariance Achieved by Five Rotational Methods on Four Types of Data

Dielman¹,

Cattell²,

Wagner³

1972

Multivariate Behavioral Research

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Five methods of factor rotation-Maxplane, Oblimax, Promax, Harris- Kaiser, and Varimax-were applied to four types of data-questionnaire, objeckive test, a physical problem, and a plasmode. In addition, the Maxplane procedure was followed in each case by Rotoplot-assisted visual robations. The results were compared with respect to simple structure (hyperplane percentages) and factor invaniance (congruence coefficient). It was concluded that, in general, the oblique methods were superior to Varimax in terms of simple structure although not consistently in terms of factor invariance. Among the oblique methods, the Rotoplot-assisted Maxplane usually resulted in the maximum simple structure at the f .10 hyperplane width but not consistently at either of the other two arbitrarily chosen widths. The unassisted Maxplane was generally excelled by the less expensive oblique methods both wiith respect to hyperplane count and factor invariance. The Harris-Kaiser method was generally more satisfadory in terms of the two criteria combined.

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“…These were drawn for men and women separately, although gender differences were small. There has been interest in these findings especially for motion-picture engineers and others concerned with optics (Guilford, 1940a).…”

Section: Rating Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sixty-Year Perspective on Psychological I Measurement

Guilford

1985

Applied Psychological Measurement

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Editor's Note. This is the second article in our Perspective on Psychological Measurement Series. In this article J. P. Guilford, who was first exposed to the problems and methods of psychological measurement in the early 1920s, provides a unique perspective on his distinguished career ranging across his varied and very important contributions to the science of psychology and to the methodology of psychological measurement. Based upon experiences with most kinds of methods of psychological measurement, this article presents comments on a variety of uses, including psychophysics, scaling, testing, and factor analysis. Some difficulties are pointed out, some faults are mentioned, and a variety of applications are discussed, some of them unusual.

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Human abilities.

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Assessing the Candidate as a Whole: A Historical and Critical Analysis of Individual Psychological Assessment for Personnel Decision Making

Assessing the Candidate as a Whole: A Historical and Critical Analysis of Individual Psychological Assessment for Personnel Decision Making

Evidence on the Simple Structure and Factor Invariance Achieved by Five Rotational Methods on Four Types of Data

A Sixty-Year Perspective on Psychological I Measurement

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