Human actinomycosisA study of 181 subjects

Urinary undiversion for pelvic actinomycosis: A long‐term follow up

“…3 Definitive diagnosis requires anaerobic culture and/or histologic identification of actinomytic granules. 1 In the present case, percutaneous nephrostomy would have been performed instead of bilateral ureterocutaneostomy if a preoperative diagnosis of pelvic actinomycosis had been obtained. Unfortunately, the frozen section did not reveal the presense of actinomytic granules.…”

“…4 A combination of surgery and antibiotics gives the highest cure rate. 1 Urinary diversion is rarely necessary. In Fiorino's review, only two of 92 cases underwent cystectomies.…”

Thoracic actinomycosis: report of a patient with advanced-stage disease

“…These microorganisms are usually commensal in the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract and female genitals, requiring a portal of entry to cause infection. [1,2,4,8]. It is a rare disease that attacks men most frequently (3:1), between the fourth and fifth decades of life [4].…”

“…It is a rare disease that attacks men most frequently (3:1), between the fourth and fifth decades of life [4]. Classically, clinical forms involve cervicofacial (55%), abdominopelvic (20%), thoracic (15%) and mixed organs (10%), including skin, brain, pericardium and extremities [1,2,4,5,8].…”

“…Sulphur granules composed by clusters of radiated, filamentous, Grampositive microorganisms are characteristic in compromised tissues. Although the growth of Actinomyces on anaerobic cultures occurs in less than 50% of cases, it is considered the gold standard method for definitive diagnosis [2,4,[6][7][8][9]11,12].…”