Human and environmental exposure to PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in Africa: A review

Ssebugere, Patrick; Sillanpää, Mika; Matovu, Henry; Mubiru, Edward

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.065

Cited by 73 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Air pollution exposure represents a well-known risk to human health (Johannson et al, 2015) and ecosystems (Wright et al, 2018;Ssebugere et al, 2019). A strong focus on atmospheric air pollution has been developed worldwide which has led to a significant reduction of some contaminants in the atmospheric environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of measuring ultrafine particles in urban air quality monitoring in small cities

Notardonato¹,

Manigrasso²,

Pierno³

et al. 2019

Geographica Pannonica

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The air quality monitoring is based on the determination of some gaseous pollutants and PM10 and PM 2.5 . Recent studies have reported the importance of the determination aerosol fraction below 1 µm both for the dynamic of the airborne and for the public health issue. This paper would like to investigate the importance of this fraction in the air quality monitoring. Further, a particular focus will be devoted the role of the Ultrafine Particles, i.e. particles below 100 nm, in the aerosol formation and in the human exposure. Two case studies will be presented and discussed on how the submicron particles can be determined and interpreted their role. In the first case, the measurements will be performed in downtown Rieti, city located in central Italy, 100 km North from Rome, with the scope to draw the behavior in relationship to the emission flexes. In the second scenario, the personal exposure of pedestrians will be investigated in Venafro, a small city located 150 km South-East Rome, by means of measuring PMx, total submicron fraction, different aerosol dimensional sizes in the range 5-360 nm along with the total Volatile Compounds. The different sources and contributions affecting the aerosol levels in the two areas will be investigated and extensively discussed as well as the role of the such particles in the aerosols science.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of measuring ultrafine particles in urban air quality monitoring in small cities

Notardonato¹,

Manigrasso²,

Pierno³

et al. 2019

Geographica Pannonica

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show abstract

“…Finally, the review also examined available methods of analysis for PCDD/Fs (and dl-PCBs), while an analysis of existing gaps was also undertaken. Another recent paper has also reviewed the scientific literature for the last two decades with an emphasis on levels, toxic equivalencies, and sources of PCDD/Fs (and dioxin-like PCBs) in Africa [3]. It was noticed that little data were available about the levels and sources of PCDD/Fs in environmental and biological samples from Africa.…”

Section: Concentrations Of Pcdd/fs In a Number Of Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of PCDD/Fs in Human Blood: A Review of Data from the Current Decade

Marquès

Domingo

2019

IJERPH

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Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDD/Fs) are environmental pollutants with great persistence, the capacity of bioaccumulation, and well known important toxic effects in humans and animals. Incinerators of hazardous, municipal and medical waste, chlorine bleaching of paper pulp, cement plants, and the traffic of motor vehicles are the most frequent emission sources of these compounds. The diet, followed at a great distance by inhalation, is generally the main way of human exposure to PCDD/Fs. Human biomonitoring is of great importance to prevent potential adverse effects derived from exposure to chemicals such as PCDD/Fs. In relation to this, blood is among the most used biological monitors. In the current review, we have summarized the recent information (2000–2009) published in the scientific literature (databases: Scopus and PubMed) on the concentrations of PCDD/Fs in blood samples of non-occupationally exposed populations, as well as in some groups of occupationally exposed individuals. We have revised a number of studies conducted in various African, American, Asian and European countries, and Australia. Unfortunately, the information is quite limited. No data are available for most countries over the world. Based on the results here reviewed, where available, the current health risks for the general populations do not seem to be of concern. Moreover, taking into account the important reductions observed in the levels of PCDD/Fs in foodstuffs, new decreases in the concentrations of PCDD/Fs in blood—and other biological tissues—are very probable in the immediate years.

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“…Another recent paper has also reviewed the scientific literature for the last two decades with emphasis on levels, toxic equivalencies and sources of PCDD/Fs (and dioxin-like PCBs) in Africa (3). It was noticed that little data were available about the levels and sources of PCDD/Fs in environmental and biological samples from Africa.…”

Section: South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDD/Fs) are chemical contaminants, whose main characteristics as environmental pollutants are great persistence, capability to undergo long-range atmospheric transport, capacity of bioaccumulation, as well as their important toxic effects in humans and animals (1)(2)(3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of PCDD/Fs in Human Blood: A Review of Data from the Current Decade

Marquès

Domingo

2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDD/Fs) are environmental pollutants with a great persistence, capacity of bioaccumulation, and well known important toxic effects in humans and animals.Incinerators of hazardous, municipal and medical waste, chlorine bleaching of paper pulp, cement plants, and the traffic of motor vehicles are the most frequent emission sources of these compounds. The diet, followed at a great distance by inhalation, is generally the main way of human exposure to PCDD/Fs. Human biomonitoring is of a great importance to prevent potential adverse effects derived from exposure to chemicals such as PCDD/Fs. In relation to this, blood is among the most used biological monitors. In the current review, we have summarized the recent information (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009) published in the scientific literature (databases: Scopus and PubMed) on the concentrations of PCDD/Fs in blood samples of non-occupationally exposed populations, as well as in some groups of occupationally exposed individuals. We have revised a number of studies conducted in various African American, Asian and European countries, and Australia. Unfortunately, the information is quite limited. No data are available for most countries over the world. Based on the results here reviewed -where available-the current health risks for the general populations do not seem to be of concern. Moreover, taking into account the important reductions observed in the levels of PCDD/Fs in foodstuffs, new decreases in the concentrations of PCDD/Fs in blood -and other biological tissues-are very probable in the immediate years.

show abstract

Human and environmental exposure to PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in Africa: A review

Cited by 73 publications

References 118 publications

The importance of measuring ultrafine particles in urban air quality monitoring in small cities

The importance of measuring ultrafine particles in urban air quality monitoring in small cities

Concentrations of PCDD/Fs in Human Blood: A Review of Data from the Current Decade

Concentrations of PCDD/Fs in Human Blood: A Review of Data from the Current Decade

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