Human and swine hepatitis E viruses from Western India belong to different genotypes

Arankalle, Vidya A.; Chobe, L. P.; Joshi, M. V.; Chadha, Mandeep S.; Kundu, Biduth; Walimbe, Atul M.

doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(01)00297-5

Cited by 125 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

113

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Additionally, the local human HEV isolate (AKL-90; genotype 1a) failed to infect specific pathogen-free pigs. 13,14 Furthermore, hepatitis E outbreaks or largescale epidemics mainly occurred in Southeast Asia, Central Asia, Middle East, and North Africa, where most local citizens are Muslims, Buddhists, and Hindu who seldom eat pork or hardly have contact with pigs. Therefore, swine may not play the only role in transmission of HEV in these endemic areas.…”

Section: Hev As the Sole Member Of The Hepevirus Genus Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E Virus Infection among Animals and Humans in Xinjiang, China: Possibility of Swine to Human Transmission of Sporadic Hepatitis E in an Endemic Area

Li²,

Zhu³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Hepatitis E is a worldwide public health problem, especially in areas with poor sanitation. This study examines the potential hepatitis E virus (HEV) animal reservoirs and the current status of HEV infection among animals and humans in an endemic area of Xinjiang, China. One thousand five hundred twenty-one serum samples from 12 different animal species and 296 sera from humans were detected for anti-HEV with an in-house enzyme immunoassay, and partial HEV RNA was amplified with a reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nPCR). All these distinct animal species, except jerboa and hoptoad, were positive for anti-HEV. However, HEV RNA was only amplified from pigs and a sporadic hepatitis E case in humans. The human HEV strain (CHN-XJ-HE29) shared 100% nucleotide identity with the swine HEV strain (CHN-XJ-SW50), both of which were collected from the same district; this indicates the possibility of HEV transmission from swine to humans in an endemic area.

show abstract

Section: Hev As the Sole Member Of The Hepevirus Genus Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E Virus Infection among Animals and Humans in Xinjiang, China: Possibility of Swine to Human Transmission of Sporadic Hepatitis E in an Endemic Area

Li²,

Zhu³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2). Recently, Arankalle et al (2002) reported 12 swine isolates of genotype IV in Western India, which shared only 78?8-85?5 % nucleotide identity with eight human and swine isolates of cluster IV jp in the partial ORF2 sequence of 241-263 nucleotides. The phylogenetic tree constructed by the neighbour-joining method based on the common 241 nucleotide sequence of ORF2 revealed that Indian isolates belong to a cluster of genotype IV that includes all the swine HEV isolates from India, two Taiwanese swine HEV isolates (TW32SW and TW74SW) and three human HEV isolates from China and Taiwan (181Ch, 210Ch and TW5483E).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analyses With Reported Swine and Human Hev Isolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swine hepatitis E virus strains in Japan form four phylogenetic clusters comparable with those of Japanese isolates of human hepatitis E virus

Takahashi

Nishizawa

Miyajima

et al. 2003

Journal of General Virology

222

255

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Japanese patients with sporadic acute hepatitis E are infected with polyphyletic strains of hepatitis E virus (HEV). Hepatitis E is considered a zoonotic disease. Thus far in Japan, only three strains of swine HEV have been identified and an antibody study for HEV antibodies has not been done on Japanese pigs. To determine the prevalence of swine HEV infection in Japan and the extent of genetic variation among Japanese swine HEV strains, we tested serum samples obtained from 2500 pigs from 2 to 6 months of age at 25 commercial swine farms in Japan for the presence of IgG antibodies to HEV and swine HEV RNA. Anti-HEV antibodies were detected in 1448 pigs (58 %). One-hundred-and-thirteen (15 %) of the 750 3-month-old pigs and 24 (13 %) of the 180 4-monthold pigs were positive for swine HEV RNA. The nucleotide sequence of a 412 bp region within open reading frame 2 of the 137 swine HEV isolates was determined. Sequence analyses revealed that the 137 isolates shared 76?6-100 % nucleotide sequence identities and were classifiable into genotype III (93 %) or IV (7 %) and that the isolates from the same farm were ¢97?1 % similar to each other. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Japanese swine and human HEV isolates segregated into four clusters, with the highest nucleotide identity being 94?4-100 % between swine and human isolates in each cluster. These results indicate that swine HEV is widespread in the Japanese swine population and further support the hypothesis that swine serve as reservoirs for HEV infection. INTRODUCTIONHepatitis E virus (HEV) is an unclassified virus that is the major causative pathogen of enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis in many developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America (Purcell & Emerson, 2001a). There is a growing consensus that HEV-associated hepatitis also occurs among individuals in industrialized nations who have no history of travel to areas endemic for HEV (Harrison, 1999;Purcell & Emerson, 2001a;Schlauder & Mushahwar, 2001).The genome of HEV is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA of approximately 7?2 kb and contains a short 59 untranslated region (59UTR), three open reading frames (ORF1, ORF2 and ORF3) and a short 39UTR terminated by a poly(A) tract (Reyes et al., 1990;Tam et al., 1991). HEV sequences have tentatively been classified into four major genetic groups (genotypes I-IV) (Schlauder & Mushahwar, 2001). The majority of HEV infections in several countries in Asia and Africa are caused by genotype I and the majority of HEV infections in Mexico and Nigeria are caused by genotype II, while only isolated cases of infection with HEV of genotype III or IV have been described in the US, European countries, Argentina, Taiwan and China (Hsieh et al., 1999;Pina et al., 2000;Schlauder et al., 1998Schlauder et al., , 1999Schlauder et al., , 2000Wang et al., 1999Wang et al., , 2000Wang et al., , 2001Worm et al., 2000;Zanetti et al., 1999). In Japan, 13 % (11/87) of the cases of acute non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis were caused by HEV infection (Mizuo et al., 20...

show abstract

“…11,12 We have no direct evidence of ongoing infection in swine handlers but the numbers tested were small. Although human and swine HEV belong to different genotypes in India, there is antigenic cross-reactivity between the genotypes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Viral RNA was extracted by using the Trizol method (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA), and a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was carried out by using India swine-specific genotype 4 primers and universal primers, respectively. 11,13 Amplified products were sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis was performed to genotype HEV. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect IgG against HEV by using the Genelabs HEV IgG enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) (MP Bio Ltd., Singapore) and the Wantai HEV IgG EIA (Wantai Biological Pharmacy, Beijing, China) for swine handlers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E Virus Infections in Swine and Swine Handlers in Vellore, Southern India

Vivek¹,

Kang²

2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in industrialized countries is zoonotically transmitted, and swine act as a major reservoir of HEV. Serum samples from 102 swine and plasma from 34 swine handlers in Vellore, India were tested by using a reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction to detect and genotype HEV. We measured levels of IgG against HEV in swine handlers and in age and geographically matched controls from rural and urban populations in Vellore. HEV was amplified from two pigs and both viruses belonged to genotype 4. No HEV RNA was amplified from any swine handler, but 94.1% of swine handlers were positive for antibodies against HEV, a seroprevalence rate significantly higher than in rural and urban controls. The HEV genotype circulating in swine in India is different from that of humans, but the higher antibody levels in swine handlers support the possibility that zoonotic infections may occur.

show abstract

Human and swine hepatitis E viruses from Western India belong to different genotypes

Cited by 125 publications

References 26 publications

Hepatitis E Virus Infection among Animals and Humans in Xinjiang, China: Possibility of Swine to Human Transmission of Sporadic Hepatitis E in an Endemic Area

Hepatitis E Virus Infection among Animals and Humans in Xinjiang, China: Possibility of Swine to Human Transmission of Sporadic Hepatitis E in an Endemic Area

Swine hepatitis E virus strains in Japan form four phylogenetic clusters comparable with those of Japanese isolates of human hepatitis E virus

Hepatitis E Virus Infections in Swine and Swine Handlers in Vellore, Southern India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About