Human bioaccessibility of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu from consumed earth materials in Vhembe District, South Africa

Momoh, Abuh; Davies, T.C.; Akinsola, H.A.; Akinyemi, Segun A.; Mhlongo, Siphwe; Gitari, Wilson M.; Pindihama, Glynn K.

doi:10.1080/0035919x.2012.755715

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…24 Biomarkers can only indicate short or long-term exposure to PHEs 25 , and so additional diagnostic procedures are required to identify routes of exposure. Bioaccessibility testing could be used to indicate PHE adsorption from a number of pathways, including geophagy practices 26 and ingestion of extraneous dust through hand-to-mouth contact. 27 It could also reinforce soil screening studies discriminating between lithogenic and anthropogenic sources of metals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccessibility performance data for fifty-seven elements in guidance material BGS 102

Hamilton

Barlow

Gowing

et al. 2015

Microchemical Journal

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BGS 102, a guidance material for bioaccessible arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), was produced during validation of the in vitro Unified Bioaccessibility Method (UBM). This paper reports a compilation of reproducible bioaccessible guidance values for fifty-five additional elements in BGS 102, providing guidance for analysts to broaden the scope of UBM analyses for a wider range of elements based on data collected over an average of 60 separate analytical batches per element. Data are presented in categories for both gastric (STOM) and gastrointestinal (STOM+INT) extraction phases, where reproducibility, measured as relative standard deviation (RSD) was; ≤10% RSD for 27 elements (Mg,

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccessibility performance data for fifty-seven elements in guidance material BGS 102

Hamilton

Barlow

Gowing

et al. 2015

Microchemical Journal

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“… pH and OM content: for each sample, pH was determined in both ratios (i.e., sample:H 2 O ratio (1:2.5) and sample:KCl ratio (1:2.5)) (van Reeuwijk, 2002 ), and organic matter (OM) content was determined by measuring the weight loss before and after ashing at 430 °C (Rowell, 2000 ). Bioaccessibility tests: Physiologically based extraction test (PBET) was used to determine the bioaccessible fraction (BAF) of some elements of concerns (As, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, and Ni) in the studied samples (Hong et al, 2016 ; Momoh et al, 2013 ). PBET entails BAF extraction using a two-step extraction method, representing the stomach and intestinal phases, simulating the chemical conditions of human gastrointestinal tract.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bioaccessibility tests: Physiologically based extraction test (PBET) was used to determine the bioaccessible fraction (BAF) of some elements of concerns (As, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, and Ni) in the studied samples (Hong et al, 2016 ; Momoh et al, 2013 ). PBET entails BAF extraction using a two-step extraction method, representing the stomach and intestinal phases, simulating the chemical conditions of human gastrointestinal tract.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical composition and potential health risks of geophagic materials: an example from a rural area in the Limpopo Province of South Africa

Mouri

Malepe

Candeias

2023

Environ Geochem Health

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Geophagy is a common practice among rural population of the Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality area in the Limpopo Province of South Africa. Although, the practice might be beneficial to the health of the consumers, its negative effects could overshadow the positive effects and might lead to detrimental health issues. The present work sought to investigate the geochemical composition as well as pH and organic matter (OM) content of geophagic materials commonly consumed in the study area. Furthermore, assessment of the potential health risk of the materials on geophagic individuals was also considered. Twelve samples were collected in the study area and analysed by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) for major and trace elements composition. The results showed higher concentrations of non-essential elements (e.g., As, Cr, Pb) than the proposed recommended daily standards intake, suggesting a potential health risk. The alkaline nature (pH 6.80 to 9.22) of the studied samples might affect the bioacessibility of some essential elements. Furthermore, the OM content (> 0.7%) observed in some of the studied samples may retain pathogenic micro-organisms detrimental to health. Although As and Cr presented a low bioaccessible fraction (< 16.0%), health risk assessment revealed that their concentrations represented a hazard (HQ > 1) and might induce non-carcinogenic health threats to geophagic individuals. Based on the geochemical analysis, pH and OM content as well as health risk assessment findings, the studied geophagic materials are not considered suitable for human consumption. The practice should therefore be discouraged amongst the population in the study area to avoid possible detrimental health issues.

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Dust from Zambian smelters: mineralogy and contaminant bioaccessibility

Ettler

Vítková

Mihaljevič

et al. 2014

Environ Geochem Health

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Metal smelting is often responsible for local contamination of environmental compartments. Dust materials escaping from the smelting facilities not only settle in the soil, but can also have direct effects on populations living close to these operations (by ingestion or inhalation). In this particular study, we investigate dusts from Cu-Co metal smelters in the Zambian Copperbelt, using a combination of mineralogical techniques (XRD, SEM/EDS, and TEM/EDS), in order to understand the solid speciation of the contaminants, as well as their bioaccessibility using in vitro tests in simulated gastric and lung fluids to assess the exposure risk for humans. The leaching of metals was mainly dependent on the contaminant mineralogy. Based on our results, a potential risk can be recognized, particularly from ingestion of the dust, with bioaccessible fractions ranging from 21 to 89% of the total contaminant concentrations. In contrast, relatively low bioaccessible fractions were observed for simulated lung fluid extracts, with values ranging from 0.01% (Pb) up to 16.5% (Co) of total contaminant concentrations. Daily intakes via oral exposure, calculated for an adult (70 kg, ingestion rate 50 mg dust per day), slightly exceeded the tolerable daily intake limits for Co (1.66× for fly ash and 1.19× for slag dust) and occasionally also for Pb (1.49×, fly ash) and As (1.64×, electrostatic precipitator dust). Cobalt has been suggested as the most important pollutant, and the direct pathways of the population's exposures to dust particles in the industrial parts of the Zambian Copperbelt should be further studied in interdisciplinary investigations.

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Human bioaccessibility of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu from consumed earth materials in Vhembe District, South Africa

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Bioaccessibility performance data for fifty-seven elements in guidance material BGS 102

Bioaccessibility performance data for fifty-seven elements in guidance material BGS 102

Geochemical composition and potential health risks of geophagic materials: an example from a rural area in the Limpopo Province of South Africa

Dust from Zambian smelters: mineralogy and contaminant bioaccessibility

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