Human biokinetics of injected bismuth-207

Newton, D.; Talbot, R.J.; Priest, Nicholas

doi:10.1191/096032701718890586

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Estimated kidney doses of 9 to 13 Gy to the renal cortex from 225 Ac and its a-particle-emitting daughters, including 213 Bi, resulted in tubular epithelial necrosis and marked regeneration. Accumulation of 213 Bi or 212 Bi in the kidneys was consistent with biodistribution studies of nonchelated or free radiobismuth (28).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Melanoma Therapy via Peptide-Targeted α-Radiation

Miao

Hylarides²,

Fisher

et al. 2005

Clinical Cancer Research

124

121

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Purpose: The therapeutic efficacy of a unique melanoma-targeting peptide conjugated with an in vivo generated a-particle-emitting radionuclide was evaluated in the B16/F1mouse melanoma animal model. a-Radiation is densely ionizing, resulting in high concentrations of destructive radicals and irreparable DNA double-strand breaks. This high linear energy transfer overcomes radiation-resistant tumor cells and oxygen effects resulting in potentially high therapeutic indices in tumors such as melanoma.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Melanoma Therapy via Peptide-Targeted α-Radiation

Miao

Hylarides²,

Fisher

et al. 2005

Clinical Cancer Research

124

121

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“…Renal uptake of 213 Bi has been shown in previous studies (Newton et al 2001). As free 213 Bi is constantly being generated by the decay of 225 Ac, it is anticipated to have an apparent effective half-life equivalent to that of 225 Ac.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Renal uptake of bismuth-213 and its contribution to kidney radiation dose following administration of actinium-225-labeled antibody

et al. 2011

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Clinical therapeutic studies using 225 Ac-labeled antibodies have begun. Of major concern is renal toxicity that may result from the three alpha-emitting progeny generated following the decay of 225 Ac. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of 225 Ac and non-equilibrium progeny in the mouse kidney after the injection of 225 Ac-huM195 antibody and examine the dosimetric consequences. Groups of mice were sacrificed at 24, 96 and 144 h after injection with 225 Ac-huM195 antibody and kidneys excised. One kidney was used for gamma ray spectroscopic measurements by a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The second kidney was used to generate frozen tissue sections which were examined by digital autoradiography (DAR). Two measurements were performed on each kidney specimen: (1) immediately post-resection and (2) after sufficient time for any non-equilibrium excess 213 Bi to decay completely. Comparison of these measurements enabled estimation of the amount of excess 213 Bi reaching the kidney (γ-ray spectroscopy) and its sub-regional distribution (DAR). The average absorbed dose to whole kidney, determined by spectroscopy, was 0.77 (SD 0.21) Gy kBq −1 , of which 0.46 (SD 0.16) Gy kBq −1 (i.e. 60%) was due to non-equilibrium excess 213 Bi. The relative contributions to renal cortex and medulla were determined by DAR. The estimated dose to the cortex from nonequilibrium excess 213 Bi (0.31 (SD 0.11) Gy kBq −1 ) represented ~46% of the total. For the medulla the dose contribution from excess 213 Bi (0.81 (SD 0.28) Gy kBq −1 ) was ~80% of the total. Based on these estimates, for human patients we project a kidney-absorbed dose of 0.28 Gy MBq −1 following administration of 225 Ac-huM195 with non-equilibrium excess 213 Bi responsible for approximately 60% of the total. Methods to reduce renal accumulation of radioactive progeny appear to be necessary for the success of 225 Ac radioimmunotherapy.

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“…They reported that a fraction of the inhaled environmental radon is not breathed out but passes from the lungs into the bloodstream and is taken up and retained by a number of tissues and organs. Taking into account that Newton et al (2001) found that 75% of the injected bismuth in the form salt in an adult man was retained in his body 6 h post administration, and that the physical half life of 214 Bi is two orders of magnitude lower than that of the 222 Rn, the observed changes in 214 Bi activity in the human body in the present study can be explained as follows. In another individual, they reported that the 214 Bi activity in his body was reduced by a factor of two within about 70 or 100 min after a 1-hlong exposure to radon-laden atmospheres and that the rate of decrease was dependent on the type of atmosphere (unfiltered and filtered air, respectively).…”

Section: Measurements Under Various Ventilation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Measurement Uncertainties in Whole Body Counting and Radon Progeny

Valakis

Pallada²,

Kalef-Ezra³

2014

Health Physics

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Measurement uncertainty is an important quality index in gamma spectrometry related to the level of bias and precision involved in the measuring procedure. Quality control measurements during the commissioning of a 16-input whole body counter showed substantial deviations between the experimentally determined precision and the theoretical estimation, indicating either equipment malfunction or lack of reproducibility of the experimental setup. In this study, the role of the magnitude and variability of airborne background radiation present in the counting room and the human body in the deterioration of the precision of counters employing NaI(Tl) detectors was investigated. Correction methods and actions based on case-specific background features were developed and applied. The experimental observations were benchmarked using a mathematical model of the counter. The efficacy of the developed methods was tested by measurements, and updated precision values were obtained. Quasi-equilibrium between the gamma-emitters Bi and Pb in the counting room and the human body is a prerequisite for accurate direct low-level radioactivity measurements in the human body.

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Human biokinetics of injected bismuth-207

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Melanoma Therapy via Peptide-Targeted α-Radiation

Melanoma Therapy via Peptide-Targeted α-Radiation

Renal uptake of bismuth-213 and its contribution to kidney radiation dose following administration of actinium-225-labeled antibody

Measurement Uncertainties in Whole Body Counting and Radon Progeny

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