Human Cortical Neurons Originate from Radial Glia and Neuron-Restricted Progenitors

Mo, Zhicheng; Moore, Anna R.; Filipovic, Radmila; Ogawa, Yasuhiro; Ikenaka, Kazuhiro; Antic, Srdjan D.; Zečević, Nada

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0111-07.2007

Cited by 98 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…In neurogenesis, another major type of cell, called neuronal restricted progenitor (NRP, also known as neuroblast), which has the abilities of proliferation and migration through the rostral migratory stream in the nervous system (18,19), can develop into neurons, rather than glial cells or other cell types, in vivo and in vitro (20,21). When injected into the subventricular zone, NRPs can migrate extensively and incorporate with the different regions of the brain to differentiate into various subtypes of neurons, contributing to brain plasticity and repair (19).…”

Section: Neuronal Restricted Progenitors (Nrps) Represent a Type Of Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Conversion of Human Fibroblasts into Neuronal Restricted Progenitors

Zou

Yan

Zhong

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Neuronal restricted progenitors have not been generated from fibroblasts by transdifferentiation. Results: Human induced neuronal restricted progenitors (hiNRPs) were efficiently generated from fibroblasts by transfection of three defined factors: Sox2, c-Myc, and either Brn2 or Brn4. Conclusion: Unipotent neuronal restricted progenitors can be rapidly and efficiently produced from fibroblasts. Significance: This novel method will provide a new source of neurons for cellular replacement therapy of human neurodegenerative diseases.

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Section: Neuronal Restricted Progenitors (Nrps) Represent a Type Of Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Conversion of Human Fibroblasts into Neuronal Restricted Progenitors

Zou

Yan

Zhong

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…A series of observations both in vitro and in vivo showed that, during neurogenesis, radial glia generate mostly neurons (Anthony et al 2004;Malatesta et al 2000Malatesta et al , 2003Miyata et al 2001Miyata et al , 2004Mo et al 2007;Noctor et al 2001Noctor et al , 2004. The first direct observation in this sense came from the analysis of the differentiation of radial glia isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (Malatesta et al 2000).…”

Section: Radial Glia Fate During Neurogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Radial glia and neural stem cells

2007

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During the last decade, the role of radial glia has been radically revisited. Rather than being considered a mere structural component serving to guide newborn neurons towards their final destinations, radial glia is now known to be the main source of neurons in several regions of the central nervous system, notably in the cerebral cortex. Radial glial cells differentiate from neuroepithelial progenitors at the beginning of neurogenesis and share with their ancestors the bipolar shape and the expression of some molecular markers. Radial glia, however, can be distinguished from neuroepithelial progenitors by the expression of astroglial markers. Clonal analyses showed that radial glia is a heterogeneous population, comprising both pluripotent and different lineage-restricted neural progenitors. At late-embryonic and postnatal stages, radial glial cells give rise to the neural stem cells responsible for adult neurogenesis. Embryonic pluripotent radial glia and adult neural stem cells may be clonally linked, thus representing a lineage displaying stem cell features in both the developing and mature central nervous system.

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“…To isolate enriched OPC, we used immunopanning with a surface marker A2B5 according to a procedure described earlier (Mo et al, 2007). Petri dishes (100 mm) were coated with secondary antibody [goat antimouse IgM, 10 lg/mL in 5 mL Tris (50 mM, pH 9.5), SouthernBiotech, Birmingham, AL], and primary anti-A2B5 antibody (1:200, gift R.Bansal, University of Connecticut Health Center, CT).…”

Section: Immunopanningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of CXCL1 on human fetal oligodendrocyte progenitor cells

Filipovic

Zečević

2007

Glia

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Chemokine CXCL1 is abundantly present in proliferative zones during brain development and in regions of remyelination, suggesting that it influences development of oligodendrocyte progenitors (OPC) in these regions. We studied in vitro the effects and possible mechanisms by which CXCL1 acts on human fetal OPC. In organotypic slice cultures of human fetal cortical ventricular/subventricular (VZ/SVZ) zones, blocking of CXCL1 signaling reduced significantly the proliferation of OPC. Moreover, exogenously added CXCL1 induced increase of OPC proliferation. Treatments of purified OPC cultures and cell depletion experiments demonstrated that this effect of CXCL1 was mainly indirect, mediated through astrocytes. We identified that CXCL1 acted through the extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1/2) pathway, activated primarily in astrocytes. In vitro, astrocytes stimulated with CXCL1 released several cytokines, but only the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was completely blocked by inhibition of ERK1/2 pathway. When released IL-6 was neutralized in slices, a decrease in OPC proliferation was demonstrated, while addition of IL-6 was able to return OPC proliferation in astrocyte-depleted slices to the control level. These results suggest that in the human fetal brain CXCL1 promotes proliferation of early OPC, acting in part through an ERK1/2-dependent pathway and release of IL-6 from astrocytes.

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Human Cortical Neurons Originate from Radial Glia and Neuron-Restricted Progenitors

Cited by 98 publications

References 76 publications

Direct Conversion of Human Fibroblasts into Neuronal Restricted Progenitors

Direct Conversion of Human Fibroblasts into Neuronal Restricted Progenitors

Radial glia and neural stem cells

The effect of CXCL1 on human fetal oligodendrocyte progenitor cells

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