2004
DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61781-6
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Human embryo implantation: current knowledge and clinical implications in assisted reproductive technology

Abstract: A pregnancy rate of approximately 15% per cycle renders the process of human reproduction inefficient. The cycle-dependent expression of molecules involved in the embryo-endometrial dialogue has lead to the identification of a 'window of implantation'. This is the unique temporal and spatial expression of factors that allows the embryo to implant (via signalling, appositioning, attachment and invasion) in a specific time frame of 48 h, 7-10 days after ovulation. Integrin molecules, L-selectin ligands, mucin-1,… Show more

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Cited by 124 publications
(104 citation statements)
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“…This period, at the mid-secretory phase, is limited to approximately 48 hours and is characterized by up-regulation of several endometrial growth factors, cytokines and adhesion molecules [8][9][10]. For ethical and practical reasons, it is not possible or extremely difficult to study the human implantation process in vivo.…”
Section: The Implantation Window and Challenges Of Studying Itmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…This period, at the mid-secretory phase, is limited to approximately 48 hours and is characterized by up-regulation of several endometrial growth factors, cytokines and adhesion molecules [8][9][10]. For ethical and practical reasons, it is not possible or extremely difficult to study the human implantation process in vivo.…”
Section: The Implantation Window and Challenges Of Studying Itmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Indeed, most proposed endometrial receptivity markers are not specific to the uterus, and thus it would be difficult to determine whether their serum concentrations play a role in predicting successful implantation. An alternative to peripheral blood analysis could be investigation of uterine flushings; however, this technique is not standardized, and the concentrations of components therein may vary, depending on variations in the procedure [10]. …”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nieprawidłowa reakcja doczesnowa stwarza możliwość późnej implantacji, zagnieżdżenia nieprawidłowych zarodków oraz późniejszych problemów z wytworzeniem zaczątków łożyska i jego dalszym funkcjonowaniem. "Dialog receptorowy" pomiędzy endometrium a zarodkiem jest możliwy dzięki obecności wielu fizjologicznych czynników, również tych o charakterze immunologicznym, takich jak przykładowo liczne cytokiny [3][4][5][6][7]. U kobiet charakteryzujących się prawidłową płodnością szacuje się, iż około 30% zarodków ulega utracie jeszcze przed implantacją, a kolejne 30% po implantacji, ale jeszcze przed mającą wystąpić menstruacją.…”
Section: Opis Stanu Wiedzyunclassified
“…vascular endothelial growth factor). Czynniki te ułatwiają komunikację pomiędzy blastocystą a macicą, promują proliferację i różnicowanie endometrium oraz regulują angiogenezę i przepuszczalność naczyń krwionośnych [5][6][7].…”
Section: Opis Stanu Wiedzyunclassified
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