“…Before delving into this section, it is essential to recall that face detection is a fundamental step in the recognition pipeline, as it involves locating and extracting facial regions from an image or sketch [8]. Also, the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) [911] in image processing has led to significant improvement and rapid advancement in applications related to this field [12,13,9]. This literature review emphasizes recent facial sketch recognition approaches directly relevant to this field of study.…”