Human–environment interactions in population and ecosystem health

Galvani, Alison P.; Bauch, Chris T.; Anand, Madhur; Singer, Burton H.; Levin, Simon A.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1618138113

Cited by 110 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Dramatic and unforeseen changes in weather conditions have profound effects on many infectious diseases. Extreme weather events and meteorological hazards make it more complicated to predict the implications for disease pathogens, hosts, and transmission [ 52 – 54 ]. The United Nations High Commissioner of Refugees (UNHCR) estimates that an average of 22.5 million people have been displaced by weather-related events or climate since 2008 [ 55 ].…”

Section: Human-related Factors Influencing the Transmission And Spreamentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of human activities for (re)emerging infectious diseases, including COVID-19

Nundu

Calliope

Simpson

et al. 2020

J Physiol Anthropol

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Since 1980, the world has been threatened by different waves of emerging disease epidemics. In the twenty-first century, these diseases have become an increasing global concern because of their health and economic impacts in both developed and resource-constrained countries. It is difficult to stop the occurrence of new pathogens in the future due to the interconnection among humans, animals, and the environment. However, it is possible to face a new disease or to reduce the risk of its spread by implementing better early warning systems and effective disease control and prevention, e.g., effective global surveillance, development of technology for better diagnostics, effective treatments, and vaccines, the global political will to respond to any threats and multidisciplinary collaboration involving all sectors in charge of good health maintenance. In this review, we generally describe some factors related to human activities and show how they can play a role in the transmission and spread of infectious diseases by using some diseases as examples. Additionally, we describe and discuss major factors that are facilitating the spread of the new pandemic known as COVID-19 worldwide.

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Section: Human-related Factors Influencing the Transmission And Spreamentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of human activities for (re)emerging infectious diseases, including COVID-19

Nundu

Calliope

Simpson

et al. 2020

J Physiol Anthropol

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“…Making sense of data has led to a shift of geospatial analysis from maps to models (spatiotemporal analytical methods; statistical, numerical, mathematical models) running on high performance computing. These are now developed and used to understand complex adaptive systems found in the natural or built environments as well as in health, political, social or economic systems on Earth (Galvani et al 2016). With advances in computer-processing and broadband internet, geobrowsing has brought DE to the fingertips of people worldwide (Craglia et al 2012).…”

Section: Academic Curriculamentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Earth Education

Wang

Kantor

Mitchell

et al. 2019

Manual of Digital Earth

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Digital Earth (DE) education provides students with geospatial knowledge and skills to locate, measure, and solve geographic problems on Earth's surface. The rapid development of geospatial technology has promoted a new vision of DE to embrace data infrastructure, social networks, citizen science, and human processes on Earth. The high demand for a geospatial workforce also calls for an ever-changing, diverse form of learning experiences. Limited efforts, however, have been made regarding DE education to adapt to this changing landscape, with most interventions falling short of expectations. This chapter gives an overview of current teaching and learning structures with DE technologies. Successes and obstacles for K-12 education are explored first, followed by classroom technologies and experiential learning and outreach exercises such as academic certificates and internships in higher education. Taking the geospatial intelligence model from the U.S. Geospatial Intelligence Foundation (USGIF) as an example, recent advancements in DE education for professional careers are described via its geospatial competencies, hierarchical frameworks, and credentials. In alignment with the principles of DE development, future DE education calls for an integrated learning framework of open data, real-world context, and virtual reality for better preparedness of our students in the geospatial world.

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“…We focus on how H* interacts with the main actors H (as important elements of the social environment) and how H* and other actors cope and adapt to rapidly changing digital environments (E D ). Thus, we deal with complex, coupled human-environment (HES) systems that are becoming an increasingly important aspect of sustainability research [4][5][6].…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Threat and Vulnerability Management: The SVIDT Method

Scholz

2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:The Digital Revolution is inducing major threats to many types of human systems. We present the SVIDT method (a Strengths, Vulnerability, and Intervention Assessment related to Digital Threats) for managing the vulnerabilities of human systems with respect to digital threats and changes. The method first performs a multilevel system-actor analysis for assessing vulnerabilities and strengths with respect to digital threats. Then, the method identifies threat scenarios that may become real. By constructing, evaluating, and launching interventions against all identified digital threats and their critical negative outcomes, the resilience of a specific human system can be improved. The evaluation of interventions is done when strengthening the adaptive capacity, i.e., a system's capability to cope with negative outcomes that may take place in the future. The SVIDT method is embedded in the framework of coupled human-environment systems, the theory of risk and vulnerability assessment, types of adaptation (assimilation vs. accommodation), and a comprehensive sustainability evaluation. The SVIDT method is exemplarily applied to an enterprise (i.e., a Swiss casino) for which online gaming has become an essential digital-business field. The discussion reflects on the specifics of digital threats and discusses both the potential benefits and limitations of the SVIDT method.

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Human–environment interactions in population and ecosystem health

Cited by 110 publications

References 30 publications

Implications of human activities for (re)emerging infectious diseases, including COVID-19

Implications of human activities for (re)emerging infectious diseases, including COVID-19

Digital Earth Education

Digital Threat and Vulnerability Management: The SVIDT Method

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