“…Studies on the effects of engaging in simultaneous tasks exist in various disciplines and industries such as healthcare (Wahlström et al, 2018), transportation (Nguyen-Phuoc et al, 2020;Truong & Nguyen, 2019;Wahlström et al, 2013), nuclear power plants (Norros, Savioja, & Koskinen, 2015;Savioja, Norros, Salo, & Aaltonen, 2014), education (Dzubak, 2008), and airline industry (Loukopoulos et al, 2009). However, there is only a limited number of research that have explored this concept in the maritime domain (Sandhaland, Oltedal, Hystad, & Eid, 2017;Uchino and Kobayashi, 2012;MCA, 2010;Grech, Horberry, & Koester, 2008). There is a plethora of literature that supports performing simultaneous tasks poses a significant safety risk resulting in task deviation (Kalisch & Aebersold, 2010;Laxmisan et al, 2007;Loukopoulos et al, 2009;Rivera-Rodriguez & Karsh, 2010).…”