Human Exposure and Health Effects of Inorganic and Elemental Mercury

Park, Jung Duck; Zheng, Wei

doi:10.3961/jpmph.2012.45.6.344

Cited by 575 publications

(423 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Acute poisoning usually occurs by mercury vapour inhalation, causing respiratory and neurological symptoms. Hg° ingestion can produce worse damage, if gastrointestinal lesions are associated [5,11]. Whatever the exposure route is, nephrotoxicity can appear, given the route of elimination [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute mercury poisoning from occult ritual use

Tincu

Cobilinschi

Ghiorghiu

et al. 2016

Rom J Anaesth Int Care

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Mercury exposure is a serious environmental issue that concerns people worldwide. Industrial emissions containing mercury, some pharmaceutical and cosmetic products represent exposure sources. In Romania, as in many other countries, a supplementary cause for mercury exposure is represented by various occult rituals where liquids containing mercury are supposed to be ingested. We present the case of a 28 year old female who was admitted to the hospital for oral paresthesia, nausea, vertigo and sialorrhoea, after ingesting 100 ml diluted liquid mercury during an occult ritual. After the gastrointestinal decontamination, including gastric lavage, activated charcoal and cathartics, the outcome was favourable and 48 hours after admission the patient was discharged. This case report emphasizes the importance of an early digestive decontamination in mercury poisoning and the danger of mercury ingestion during various occult rituals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mercury poisoning treatment consists primarily of exposure cessation and of the reduction of mercury concentrations in critical organs or injured sites [11]. Early gastrointestinal decontamination is recommended in spite of Hg°'s low absorption rate, whilst serial abdominal X-rays are performed as part of the follow-up of the patients [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute mercury poisoning from occult ritual use

Tincu

Cobilinschi

Ghiorghiu

et al. 2016

Rom J Anaesth Int Care

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“…Bila merkuri terpapar pada wajah atau bagian kulit lainnya, merkuri akan mengendap dalam jangka waktu tertentu sebelum masuk kedalam darah dan diteruskan ke organ lainnya (Silberg et al, 2013). Merkuri dapat menyebabkan ruam kulit, ruam kulit, kerusakan jaringan parut, penurunan resistensi kulit terhadap infeksi bakteri dan jamur hingga kerusakan ginjal secara permanen (WHO, 2014;Park and Zheng, 2012).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Formulasi dan Uji Aktivitas Krim Pengkelat Merkuri Berbahan Dasar Ekstrak Etanol Alga Coklat (Sargassum sp.)

et al. 2018

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ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian tentang formulasi dan uji aktivitas krim pengkelat merkuri berbahan dasar ekstrak etanol alga coklat (Sargassum sp.). Krim diformulasikan dengan beberapa bahan seperti vaselin, gliserol, asam askorbat, karbomer, setil alkohol, dan NaOH. Parameter yang dievaluasi diantaranya organoleptik krim, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, tipe krim, iritasi kulit dan daya tercuci krim. Aktivitas pengkelatan diamati dengan menganalisis kandungan merkuri pada kulit tikus yang sebelumnya diberikan krim bermerkuri dibandingkan dengan kulit tikus yang telah dioleskan krim pengkelat merkuri berbahan dasar ekstrak etanol alga coklat. Spektrum Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol alga coklat diindikasikan mengandung glutation. Berdasarkan parameter evaluasi krim, formulasi terbaik adalah krim dengan komposisi ekstrak alga coklat sebanyak 0,035% w/v terhadap volume krim, yang ditandai dengan krim yang berbentuk gel kental dan tidak berbau serta memiliki tekstur seperti krim wajah pada umumnya, yaitu lembut dan sedikit berminyak. Krim bersifat homogen dan stabil hingga hari ke 21 percobaan dengan pH=5. Krim juga tidak menimbulkan iritasi dan dapat tercuci habis tanpa bekas. Hasil analisis AAS membuktikan bahwa penggunaan krim pengkelat merkuri berbahan dasar esktrak etanol alga coklat selama kurang dari 2 minggu dengan dosis pemberian 1 kali sehari mampu menyerap merkuri pada tikus dengan aktivitas penyerapan sebesar 50%. Kata kunci: alga coklat, glutation, kelat, krim, merkuri ABSTRACT Formulation and Activity Test of Mercury Chelator Cream of Ethanol Extract of BrownAlgae (Sargassum Sp.). Research on the study of formulation an activity test of mercury chelator cream from ethanol extract has successfully done. The cream was formulated with ingredients such as vaseline, glycerol, ascorbic acid, carbomer, cetyl alcohol, and sodium hydroxide. Parameters were evaluated against organoleptic, homogenity, pH, dispersion type of cream, skin irritation test, and washing test. The mercury chelating activity was observed by analyzing mercury concentration in mercury induced mouse skin. The FTIR spectrum showed that ethanol extract of brown algae was dominated by glutathione functional group. The best cream formulation was composed by 0,035% (w/v) brown algae, formed as a creamy gel that was thick and odorless and had a texture like soft facial cream in general with slightly oily.The cream was homogeneous and stable until the 21 st day of the experiment with pH = 5. The cream produced no skin irritation and could be washed out without a trace. The results of AAS analysis proved that the use of brown

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“…Inhalation is the main exposure route of elemental mercury that, in contrast to inorganic mercury salts, is poorly adsorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. In the form of mercury vapor, elemental mercury is adsorbed in the lungs and reaches the central nervous system due to its capacity to cross the blood-brain and blood-placenta barrier as well as the lipid bilayers of cellular membranes (Park and Zheng 2012). Though no adverse health effects of elemental mercury have been ascertained, the association of mercury adsorption from dental amalgam filling and detrimental effects in the general population is still under investigation.…”

Section: Mercurymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While common inorganic sources include air and water pollution, skin creams, and infant teething powders, elemental mercury typically comes from amalgam dental fillings and industrial exposure. Being not lipid-soluble, inorganic mercury may not cross the blood-brain barrier or blood-placenta barrier and preferentially accumulates in the kidney after ingestion (Park and Zheng 2012). Inhalation is the main exposure route of elemental mercury that, in contrast to inorganic mercury salts, is poorly adsorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.…”

Section: Mercurymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Heavy Metal Pollution in Neurobehavioral Disorders: a Focus on Autism

Gorini

Muratori

Morales

2014

Rev J Autism Dev Disord

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An increasing evidence supports the role of industrial chemicals as contributors to the development of neurobehavioral disorders, including autism spectrum disorders, whose prevalence has progressively increased in recent years. Heavy metals, in particular, are recognized as neurodevelopmental toxins since they can be responsible of fetal damages which lead to neurological defects, developmental delays, learning disabilities and behavioral abnormalities. Most of the reviewed studies reported a relationship between exposure to metals during perinatal and early childhood periods and increased risk for autism. Moreover, the effects resulting from co-exposure to multiple metals should not be underestimated, especially in the assessment of children who live in developing countries or near heavily contaminated sites.

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Human Exposure and Health Effects of Inorganic and Elemental Mercury

Cited by 575 publications

References 34 publications

Acute mercury poisoning from occult ritual use

Acute mercury poisoning from occult ritual use

Formulasi dan Uji Aktivitas Krim Pengkelat Merkuri Berbahan Dasar Ekstrak Etanol Alga Coklat (Sargassum sp.)

The Role of Heavy Metal Pollution in Neurobehavioral Disorders: a Focus on Autism

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