Human exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields: neurophysiological effects

Graham, Charles H.; Cook, Mary R.; Cohen, Hennig; Riffle, Donald W.; Hoffman, Steven J.; Gerkovich, Mary M.

doi:10.1016/s0167-8760(99)00031-8

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…exposure Crasson et al [1999] exp2 50 Hz, 100 mT 4 N100 (auditory) 30 min. exposure Graham et al [1999] 60 Hz, 14.1 mT, 28.3 mT Not signi®cant 45 min. exposure *Exposure increases (4) or decreases (5) activity.…”

Section: Magnetic Field Effects Upon Human Sensory Perception and Cogmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Reaction time was found to be signi®cantly slower after continuous MF exposure, compared to sham. In a study to assess the effects of ELF MF on the early sensory components of the ERP, Graham et al [1999] exposed subjects to an intermittent (15 s on-off) 60 Hz MF (14.1 or 28.3 mT) for 45 min and found no effect upon auditory brainstem (BAEP), visual (VEP) or somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) waveforms.…”

Section: Magnetic Field Effects Upon Human Sensory Perception and Cogmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human electrophysiological and cognitive effects of exposure to ELF magnetic and ELF modulated RF and microwave fields: A review of recent studies

Cook

Thomas

Prato

2002

Bioelectromagnetics

112

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The investigation of weak (<500 microT), extremely low frequency (ELF, 0-300 Hz) magnetic field (MF) exposure upon human cognition and electrophysiology has yielded incomplete and contradictory evidence that MFs interact with human biology. This may be due to the small number of studies undertaken examining ELF MF effects upon the human electroencephalogram (EEG), and the associated analysis of evoked related potentials (ERPs). Relatively few studies have examined how MF exposure may affect cognitive and perceptual processing in human subjects. The introduction of this review considers some of the recent studies of ELF MF exposure upon the EEG, ERPs and cognitive and perceptual tasks. We also consider some of the confounding factors within current human MF studies and suggest some new strategies for further experimentation.

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Section: Magnetic Field Effects Upon Human Sensory Perception and Cogmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Magnetic Field Effects Upon Human Sensory Perception and Cogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human electrophysiological and cognitive effects of exposure to ELF magnetic and ELF modulated RF and microwave fields: A review of recent studies

Cook

Thomas

Prato

2002

Bioelectromagnetics

112

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“…Numerous investigations, from monitoring changes at molecular levels to the behavioral aspects, have been carried out in vitro and in vivo in order to illustrate different effects of ELF/EMF e.g., its impacts on cells, 1 hormones, [2][3][4][5][6] neurophysiological properties and sleep, 7,8 biochemical factors and metabolism, 9-11 pathology, 12,13 DNA damages and chromosome abnormalities, [14][15][16][17][18][19] reproduction and development, 20 and cancer. [21][22][23] On the other hand, the fact that central nervous system (CNS) as a very complicated electrochemical system may be influenced by electromagnetic fields attracts many researches interests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 3 Hz and 60 Hz Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Anxiety-Like Behaviors, Memory Retention of Passive Avoidance and Electrophysiological Properties of Male Rats

et al. 2016

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IntroductionThe effects of electromagnetic fields on biological organisms have been a controversial and also interesting debate over the past few decades, because modern civilization is overwhelmed by a broad range of electromagnetic fields, including extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF/EMF). Numerous investigations, from monitoring changes at molecular levels to the behavioral aspects, have been carried out in vitro and in vivo in order to illustrate different effects of ELF/EMF e.g., its impacts on cells, 1 hormones, 2-6 neurophysiological properties and sleep, 7,8 biochemical factors and metabolism, 9-11 pathology, 12,13 DNA damages and chromosome abnormalities, [14][15][16][17][18][19] reproduction and development, 20 and cancer. [21][22][23] On the other hand, the fact that central nervous system (CNS) as a very complicated electrochemical system may be influenced by electromagnetic fields attracts many researches interests. Vázquez-García et al reported that exposure to 60 Hz ELF/EMF can improves social recognition in male rats. The effects of electromagnetic fields on biological organisms have been a controversial and also interesting debate over the past few decades, despite the wide range of investigations, many aspects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF/EMFs) effects including mechanism of their interaction with live organisms and also their possible biological applications still remain ambiguous. In the present study, we investigated whether the exposures of ELF/EMF with frequencies of 3 Hz and 60 Hz can affect the memory, anxiety like behaviors, electrophysiological properties and brain's proteome in rats. Methods: Male rats were exposed to 3 Hz and 60 Hz ELF/EMFs in a protocol consisting of 2 cycles of 2 h/day exposure for 4 days separated with a 2-day interval. Short term memory and anxiety like behaviors were assessed immediately, 1 and 2 weeks after the exposures. Effects of short term exposure were also assessed using electrophysiological approach immediately after 2 hours exposure. Results: Behavioral test revealed that immediately after the end of exposures, locomotor activity of both 3 Hz and 60 Hz exposed groups significantly decreased compared to sham group. This exposure protocol had no effect on anxiety like behavior during the 2 weeks after the treatment and also on short term memory. A significant reduction in firing rate of locus coeruleus (LC) was found after 2 hours of both 3 Hz and 60 Hz exposures. Proteome analysis also revealed global changes in whole brain proteome after treatment. Conclusion: Here, some evidence regarding the fact that such exposures can alter locomotor activity and neurons firing rate in male rats were presented.

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“…The data suggest a possible influence of low level MF on cognitive processes of the brain, rather than in perceptive processes of afferent pathways.Transmission of sensory information does not seem to be altered by low levels of power frequency MF exposure [Silny, 1981[Silny, , 1986Sander et al, 1982;Graham et al, 1990Graham et al, , 1999Crasson et al, 1999]. When differences in tasks related to cognitive processes are observed between sham and real electric (EF) and/or MF exposure, they often are subtle, within the normal range, transitory, sometimes inconsistent and difficult to replicate, even in the same laboratory when another group of volunteers is tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of daytime 50 Hz, 100 μT_rmsmagnetic field or bright light exposure effect on human performance and psychophysiological parameters

Crasson

Legros

2005

Bioelectromagnetics

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The purpose of this study was to reproduce and extend two earlier studies of the effects of human exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields (MF). In a recent paper, we described results of two double-blind investigations performed to examine effects of 100 microT(rms) 50 Hz MF exposure on psychological parameters in the same group of healthy human volunteers. In each exposure session, at 1 week intervals, with sham, continuous, and intermittent (15 s ON/OFF cycles) MF conditions, mood ratings, performance measures, and electrophysiological measures were taken. In the first study, significant amplitude changes were observed in the event-related brain potentials (ERP) recorded during a dichotic listening task. In the second study, latency and reaction time (RT) slowing were seen on a visual discrimination task (P(300) paradigm). Although these results were little related to the number of parameters analysed, they indicate that low level 50 Hz MF might have a slight influence on ERP and RT under specific circumstances of sustained attention. Before concluding that moderately strong MF exposure can influence cognitive function, previous results should be replicated, using the same paradigms with another group of healthy volunteers. In the present study, 18 healthy subjects were exposed to three experimental sessions of 30 min each, given at 1 week intervals. The sessions consisted of continuous 100 microT(rms) 50 Hz MF exposure, sham condition, and bright light (5000 lux) exposure. The study was performed double-blind, with the exposure order counter-balanced. The data on mood, ERP, RT, and other performance measures did not show any differences among the sham exposure, light exposure, and MF exposure conditions. The results of this study do not support the hypothesis that extremely low frequency (ELF) MF exposure affects the brain's electrical activity or cognitive function at field strength (100 microT(rms)) similar to that found in very close proximity of some household and industrial electrical appliances and well in excess of the average MF strength (c. 0.1 microT) found in homes. The sensitivity of the experiment was possibly not sufficient to detect an effect at this relatively low MF, and larger sample sizes would be required in further studies.

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Human exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields: neurophysiological effects

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Human electrophysiological and cognitive effects of exposure to ELF magnetic and ELF modulated RF and microwave fields: A review of recent studies

Human electrophysiological and cognitive effects of exposure to ELF magnetic and ELF modulated RF and microwave fields: A review of recent studies

Effects of 3 Hz and 60 Hz Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Anxiety-Like Behaviors, Memory Retention of Passive Avoidance and Electrophysiological Properties of Male Rats

Absence of daytime 50 Hz, 100 μT_rmsmagnetic field or bright light exposure effect on human performance and psychophysiological parameters

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Human exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields: neurophysiological effects

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Human electrophysiological and cognitive effects of exposure to ELF magnetic and ELF modulated RF and microwave fields: A review of recent studies

Human electrophysiological and cognitive effects of exposure to ELF magnetic and ELF modulated RF and microwave fields: A review of recent studies

Effects of 3 Hz and 60 Hz Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Anxiety-Like Behaviors, Memory Retention of Passive Avoidance and Electrophysiological Properties of Male Rats

Absence of daytime 50 Hz, 100 μTrmsmagnetic field or bright light exposure effect on human performance and psychophysiological parameters

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Absence of daytime 50 Hz, 100 μT_rmsmagnetic field or bright light exposure effect on human performance and psychophysiological parameters