Maritime pilotage is an important guarantee for the safety of water traffic in port. The pilot is affected by the complex port environment, the differences of crew and equipment of different ships, the physical and psychological pressure of the pilot himself, as well as the management factors from the pilot station and maritime safety administration. In order to avoid pilotage accidents (PAs), it is necessary to study the coupling effect of human-organizational factors (HOFs) on PAs. In this paper, from the perspective of HOF risk coupling in pilotage, the problem of HOF risk coupling in maritime pilotage is studied by using the hierarchical classification idea of the human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) and the method of system dynamics (SD). First of all, HFACS is used to analyse the HOF risk causal elements (RCEs) in pilotage, and 70 RCEs are summed up in four layers; secondly, the SD coupling model of RCEs is constructed; finally, based on a dataset of PAs collected by the Shanghai Harbour Pilot Association, the coupling simulation of RCEs in pilotage is carried out, and the volatility is evaluated. In general, the safety situation of maritime pilotage has been improving in the Shanghai port. However, four RCEs (negligence, habit, pilotage experience, and violations) in unsafe acts and two RCEs (teamwork and personal safety awareness) in precondition for unsafe acts contribute the most to maritime PAs and need to be paid attention to.As important national and international hubs of transportation, ports are widely concerned by the society. Moreover, with the continuous growth of international trade, the port becomes more and more busy, making the density of ships in the port water area increase greatly. As a result, water traffic accidents occur frequently, and people's lives, property, and environment are facing a huge threat. In particular, some serious accidents, such as the collision of CF Crystal and Sanchi in the East China Sea [4], have caused great concerns.In the actual pilotage, the pilot's advice is supposed to be authorized by the captain and implemented by the officer on watch (OOW) and helmsman in the normal conditions. As such, the captain needs to supervise the operation of the pilot and take necessary actions, including taking command when he has any doubt. Therefore, it is extremely important that the ship's crew on bridge and the pilot work closely to guarantee the safety of ships. When berthing and unberthing, the cooperation between the ship and the tugboat and the dock side is also required. In some special cases, if the visibility is poor, or the ship carried dangerous goods, some additional safety measures are needed, such as additional look-out and tug escorts. Obviously, due to the addition of pilots, the traditional ship's bridge has changed in the operation of navigation, so that pilots' technical acts directly affect the safety of the ships entering and leaving the ports. Furthermore, pilots are faced with the complicated environment of the pilotage waters, the ...