Human genital tracts microbiota: dysbiosis crucial for infertility

Venneri, Mary Anna; Franceschini, Edoardo; Sciarra, Francesca; Rosato, Edoardo; D’Ettorre, G.; Lenzi, Andrea

doi:10.1007/s40618-022-01752-3

Cited by 39 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…On the other hand, microbiota also affect the release and functions of hormones that modulate various physiological functions, such as the circadian rhythms ( Kennaway, 2005 ; Sciarra et al, 2020 ). More importantly, numerous evidence on the correlation between the vagina microbiota and the development of infertility and Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and the variation of its constitution might be useful marker of pregnancy outcomes ( Heil et al, 2019 ; Venneri et al, 2022 ). Data from several studies suggest that gut dysbiosis and circadian rhythm disorder are associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of upper and lower genital tract microbiota alterations in term chorionamnionitis: A prospective study

Huang²,

Tao³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the dynamics of lower and upper genital tract microbiota in normal term pregnancy, histological chorioamnionitis (HCA), and clinical chorioamnionitis (CCA) patients to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of chorioamnionitis (CAM) patients.MethodsWe prospectively collected vaginal and cervical secretions, as well as placenta tissues, fetal membranes, and amniotic fluid from normal-term pregnant women, HCA and CCA patients. Then, we performed genomic DNA extraction and PCR amplification for all samples. The eligible samples were analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) sequencing. Additionally, all placenta tissues were histopathologically examined, and neonatal pharyngeal swabs and placenta tissues from the HCA and CCA groups were subjected to microbial culture.ResultsA total of 85 term pregnant women were enrolled in this study, including 34 in the normal group (N), 37 in the HCA group, and 14 in the CCA group. A total of 171 qualified samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. The results suggested that the cervical microbiota was highly similar to the vaginal microbiota in normal term parturients, with Lactobacillus as the dominant bacterium. Moreover, there was no difference in the alpha and beta diversity of vaginal microbiota between the N, HCA, and CCA groups at the genus level. Besides, no significant differences were detected in cervical microbiome among the three groups. Regarding intrauterine microorganisms, the N and HCA groups had similar microbial composition but were different from the CCA group. No microbe was detected in the placental tissue of normal term parturients, while some microorganisms were found in the intrauterine amniotic fluid and fetal membrane samples. Regardless of cultivation or 16S rRNA sequencing, an extremely low microbial positive rate was detected in HCA and CCA intrauterine samples. Compared to the normal group, Lactobacillus was significantly reduced in the CCA group intrauterine, and Ureaplasma and Enterococcus increased with no statistically significant.ConclusionThe N, HCA and CCA groups had similar composition of vaginal and cervical microflora. Some normal-term pregnant women can harbor non-pathogenic microbiota in the uterine cavity. Sterile inflammation is more frequent than microbial-associated inflammation in term HCA and CCA parturients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of upper and lower genital tract microbiota alterations in term chorionamnionitis: A prospective study

Huang²,

Tao³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…It should be kept in mind that PPROM can change vaginal microbial composition, and Erythromycin therapy in addition to having a beneficial effect on perinatal outcomes may damage healthy microbiome. [15][16][17] Moreover, macrolide antibiotics are effective agents that can control intrauterine infection, but macrolide resistance has been documented in Ureaplasma, a known intra-amniotic infection associated with preterm birth. [18][19][20][21] Interestingly, erythromycin prophylaxis is also beneficial in the treatment of feeding intolerance in preterm low birth weight infants.…”

Section: A H E a D O F P R I N Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental transport of Erythromycin and its effect on placental inflammatory factors

Elbiss

Osman²

2022

Pak J Med Sci

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Objective: Erythromycin is used for prevention and control of infectious perinatal morbidity. It has been hypothesised that erythromycin crosses the placenta and has an effect on the production of placental inflammatory factors. We evaluated the transport of erythromycin in an ex-vivo closed perfusion system of the placenta and determined its effect on the production of placenta inflammatory markers. Methods: In 2013, a prospective basic science study was conducted at the placental laboratory of College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates. Six term placentas from uncomplicated pregnancies were studied using the ex-vivo dual closed-loop human placental cotyledon perfusion technique. Erythromycin was added to the perfusate in the maternal compartment. Samples were obtained from the maternal and fetal up to 240 minutes. Results: The reference antipyrine was detected in the fetal circulation in the first 15 minutes after addition of the drug. At this point the mean antipyrine was 49.90±2.10µg/ml in the maternal perfusate and 7.1±1.56µg/ml in fetal perfusate. The fetal and maternal concentration became similar at 120 minutes. The transfer of antipyrine from maternal to fetal compartment was 98.66%. The differences between perfusion groups were non-significant that indicates the perfusion of placentas was comparable. After media exchange in both sides, erythromycin was added to the maternal perfusate. The experimental period of four hours was continued with medium circulation on both maternal and fetal circulation. The concentration of erythromycin decreased in the maternal circuit by 36.4% and increased in the fetal circuit by 65%. The concentration of IL-6 in the maternal circuit was normal. Conclusion: Erythromycin crossed the placenta and did not inhibit the production of IL-6. Future studies are needed concerning neonatal adverse effects and the development of antibiotic resistance. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6683 How to cite this: Elbiss H, Osman N. Placental transport of Erythromycin and its effect on placental inflammatory factors. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6683 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…Current theories suggest that a dysbiosis-related state triggers an inflammatory response in the endometrium that affects the embryonic implantation [ 3 ]. As such, a close relationship is suspected between the endometrial microbiome and conception, (sub)fertility, and pregnancy outcome [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culturomics to Investigate the Endometrial Microbiome: Proof-of-Concept

Vanstokstraeten

Mackens

Callewaert

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The microbiome of the reproductive tract has been associated with (sub)fertility and it has been suggested that dysbiosis reduces success rates and pregnancy outcomes. The endometrial microbiome is of particular interest given the potential impact on the embryo implantation. To date, all endometrial microbiome studies have applied a metagenomics approach. A sequencing-based technique, however, has its limitations, more specifically in adequately exploring low-biomass settings, such as intra-uterine/endometrial samples. In this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate the applicability of culturomics, a high-throughput culturing approach, to investigate the endometrial microbiome. Ten subfertile women undergoing diagnostic hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy, as part of their routine work-up at Brussels IVF, were included after their informed consent. Biopsies were used to culture microbiota for up to 30 days in multiple aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Subsequent WASPLab®-assisted culturomics enabled a standardized methodology. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) or 16S rRNA sequencing was applied to identify all of bacterial and fungal isolates. Eighty-three bacterial and two fungal species were identified. The detected species were in concordance with previously published metagenomics-based endometrial microbiota analyses as 77 (91%) of them belonged to previously described genera. Nevertheless, highlighting the added value of culturomics to identify most isolates at the species level, 53 (62.4%) of the identified species were described in the endometrial microbiota for the first time. This study shows the applicability and added value of WASPLab®-assisted culturomics to investigate the low biomass endometrial microbiome at a species level.

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Human genital tracts microbiota: dysbiosis crucial for infertility

Cited by 39 publications

References 99 publications

The role of upper and lower genital tract microbiota alterations in term chorionamnionitis: A prospective study

The role of upper and lower genital tract microbiota alterations in term chorionamnionitis: A prospective study

Placental transport of Erythromycin and its effect on placental inflammatory factors

Culturomics to Investigate the Endometrial Microbiome: Proof-of-Concept

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