Human gustation and flavour

Breslin, Paul A.S.

doi:10.1002/ffj.1054

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…Compared to the ICA trial, this 11-year old participant with CA was able to correctly identify the umami stimulus at the second highest concentration of 5 × 10 -3 M. This is a new finding, which was not established in any of the previous studies looking at taste function in patients with CA. Compared to the reported normal population threshold for MSG at 5 × 10 -4 M, the participant did require a higher stimulant concentration for correct identification [5].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

“…In this trial, sour was correctly identified at the second highest concentration of 1.6 × 10 -4 M. This threshold is higher than the threshold findings by Salles et al of 7.8 x10 -5 M and the normal taste threshold of 7 × 10 -5 M [2,5]. While sour was one of the tastes correctly identified in the trial by McMicken et al, a direct comparison regarding concentration threshold cannot be made as a different stimulus, acetic acid, was used.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…This may suggest a narrower window of taste identification range or sensory overload at [4][5][6]. Notably, while sweet and salty were identified 33.3% of the time at select concentration levels, bitter was not correctly identified as the sole stimulant at any attempt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid this issue in the current trial, acetic acid was replaced by citric acid. Concentration levels of citric acid prepared for this trial were based on normal taste threshold and the taste test trial with a person with CA by Salles, et al [4,5]. Sample solutions of sucrose, NaCl, citric acid, and MSG at the different concentration levels were prepared by simple dilution using 1 M stock solutions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taste Testing in a Pediatric Case of Congenital Aglossia

Valent¹,

Wang²,

McMicken³

et al. 2017

Commun Disord Deaf Stud Hearing Aids

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Objective: Congenital aglossia (CA) is a rare inborn condition characterized by absence of the tongue. This study aimed to determine gustatory function in a pediatric female participant with CA. Methods were developed based on previous taste discrimination research of a participant with isolated congenital aglossia (ICA) and anecdotal reports of individuals with CA possessing the ability to discern taste stimuli. Methods:In this randomized, double-blinded trial, 78 samples were presented to an 11-year-old Hispanic female with CA in the presence of her parents. Triplicate samples of sucrose (sweet), citric acid (sour), sodium chloride (salty), caffeine (bitter) and monosodium glutamate (umami) solutions at five concentration levels each were tested, with three water samples. Contingency tables were developed with participant responses. Descriptive statistics were run to determine accuracy of stimuli identifications, with correct identification set at ≥ 66.6% accuracy (2 out of 3). Taste identification accuracy versus stimuli taste, concentration, and presentation order were tested for statistically significant association (p ≤ 0.05) using Chi-square testing.Results: Out of five stimuli, the participant correctly identified sour and umami. Umami was accurately identified 100% of the time, and sour 66.6% of the time. Correct identification threshold criteria were not met for sweet, salty, and bitter samples. There was no statistically significant association between taste identification accuracy and particular taste, concentration levels, or presentation order. Bitter taste was commonly recorded as sour, and bitter as salty. Conclusion:This study supports previous findings indicating that people with CA may accurately identify sour, though at a higher threshold than previously found in the ICA trial or in persons without CA. Compared to the previous trial, the participant in this trial could accurately identify umami. Higher discrimination thresholds of sour and umami, and misidentification of sweet, salty, and bitter stimuli, may indicate gustatory impairment among individuals with CA.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taste Testing in a Pediatric Case of Congenital Aglossia

Valent¹,

Wang²,

McMicken³

et al. 2017

Commun Disord Deaf Stud Hearing Aids

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“…For points of comparison, research shows that normal populations detected taste stimuli on average at 0.22 g/L sucrose (sweet), 0.06 g/L sodium chloride (salty), 0.007 g/L acetic acid (sour), 0.097 g/L caffeine (bitter), and 0.085 g/L monosodium glutamate (umami) [3]. One male congenital aglossia subject was found to be able to discern concentrations of solutions of sweet, salty, sour, and bitter brushed on the small palate of 3% (30 g/L) cane sugar, 1% (10 g/L) sodium chloride, 0.1% (1 g/L) sulfuric acid, and 0.01% quinine (0.1 g/L), respectively [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wine Flavor Perception in a Person with Isolated Congenital Aglossia, Naïve Wine Taster, and Sommelier

Mahood¹,

Wang²,

McMicken³

et al. 2017

Commun Disord Deaf Stud Hearing Aids

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Objective: This study aimed to augment previous research that investigated flavor perception in isolated congenital aglossia by a whole food/beverage approach. Isolated congenital aglossia is the rare condition of absence of a tongue at birth without the presence of other symptoms. Previous studies confirmed taste perception in isolated congenital aglossia using single taste solutions including sour, salty, sweet, bitter, and umami. Methods:The current randomized, double-blinded study age-and sex-matched a naïve wine taster and sommelier to the 46 year-old female with isolated congenital aglossia. A Nose and Palate Survey with 54 variables created based on the Court of Master Sommeliers Deductive Tasting Format was used to evaluate flavor perception. All of the five red wines were tested in triplicate in random order, for a total of 15 separate samples per subject.Results: There was a significant difference in overall nose ratings among the participants F(2,42)=63.461, p<0.001, with post hoc analysis revealing differences in overall nose ratings between the person with isolated congenital aglossia and sommelier (p<0.001), as well as between the naïve wine taster and sommelier (p<0.001). There was a significant difference in overall palate ratings among the participants F(2,42)=48.651, p<0.001, and post hoc analysis revealed differences in overall palate ratings between the person with isolated congenital aglossia and sommelier (p<0.001), as well as between the naïve wine taster and sommelier (p<0.001). There were no significant differences between the person with isolated congenital aglossia and naïve wine taster with a tongue for either overall nose or palate ratings. Conclusion:These results support previous findings that individuals with isolated congenital aglossia can discern various taste and flavor stimuli and suggest that absence of tongue does not greatly affect wine flavor perception among naïve wine tasters.

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Measuring Proximal Stimuli Involved Inflavour Perception

Taylor¹,

Hort²

2004

Flavor Perception

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Human gustation and flavour

Cited by 42 publications

References 152 publications

Taste Testing in a Pediatric Case of Congenital Aglossia

Taste Testing in a Pediatric Case of Congenital Aglossia

Wine Flavor Perception in a Person with Isolated Congenital Aglossia, Naïve Wine Taster, and Sommelier

Measuring Proximal Stimuli Involved Inflavour Perception

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