Human Gut Microbiota: Dysbiosis and Manipulation

Shen, Dongqian; Liu, Chuan; Xu, Ran; Zhang, Faxing

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2012.00123

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…[7][8][9][10][11][12] A number of investigations have innovatively employed state-of-the-art technologies to explore, primarily, the bi-directional communication between the GIT and human health [13][14][15][16][17][18] and, second, the way in which external factors such as nutrition and antibiotics modulate this loop. 1,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] The use of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections in children, adolescents, and adults living mainly in developed countries is increasing substantially.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota disturbance during antibiotic therapy

et al. 2013

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It is known that the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota responds to different antibiotics in different ways and that while some antibiotics do not induce disturbances of the community, others drastically influence the richness, diversity, and prevalence of bacterial taxa. However, the metabolic consequences thereof, independent of the degree of the community shifts, are not clearly understood. In a recent article, we used an integrative OMICS approach to provide new insights into the metabolic shifts caused by antibiotic disturbance. The study presented here further suggests that specific bacterial lineage blooms occurring at defined stages of antibiotic intervention are mostly associated with organisms that possess improved survival and colonization mechanisms, such as those of the Enterococcus, Blautia, Faecalibacterium, and Akkermansia genera. The study also provides an overview of the most variable metabolic functions affected as a consequence of a β-lactam antibiotic intervention. Thus, we observed that anabolic sugar metabolism, the production of acetyl donors and the synthesis and degradation of intestinal/colonic epithelium components were among the most variable functions during the intervention. We are aware that these results have been established with a single patient and will require further confirmation with a larger group of individuals and with other antibiotics. Future directions for exploration of the effects of antibiotic interventions are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota disturbance during antibiotic therapy

et al. 2013

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“…Importantly, allergy specialist dietitians need to be aware of the rapidly evolving association between nutrition, the microbiome and immune system to incorporate novel nutrition findings in standard dietetic practice when the time is ready. Fibre a, 149,150 Nutritional factors affecting the microbiome Overall diet-affect could be positive or negative 128,133 Western diet a, [151][152][153][154][155] Increased diet diversity 134,135,165 AGEs a,b, [156][157][158] Fermented foods 160 Uncooked foods 169,170 a Mainly based on animal studies. b AGE content of foods may be affected by sugar content, grilled or roasted meats, fats, highly processed foods, fruit juice, 173 high-fructose corn syrup 173,174 and fizzy drinks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A patient‐specific approach to develop an exclusion diet to manage food allergy in infants and children

Venter

Groetch

Netting

et al. 2018

Clin Experimental Allergy

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Food allergy is becoming increasingly common in infants and young children. This article set out to explain the different factors that should be taken into account during an individualized allergy consultation: Foods to avoid and degree of avoidance, suitable alternatives, self-management skills, co- and cross-reactive allergens and novel allergens alongside the role of the industry in allergen avoidance, importance of nutritional aspects of the diet and the future directions that nutritional guidance make take. Allergy management advice should be individualized to provide a patient-specific approach. Changes in the management of food allergies have in particular occurred in nut, milk and egg allergies over the past few years. There has also been a progressive increase in our understanding of cross-reactivity between different foods and also food and aero-allergens. A patient-specific approach of allergen avoidance should consider factors relating to industry and the environment such as food and nutrition literacy, threshold levels, cross-contact/contamination and safe eating away from home. Increasing migration and travel has also led to exposure of unfamiliar foods. As understanding improves on individual allergens and threshold levels, food labels and food labelling laws are affected. Allergy specialist dietitians should also keep up to date with the latest information on nutrition, the gut microbiome and the immune system to incorporate nutrition strategies in a dietetic consultation using an evidence-based approach.

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“…Proteobacteria in murine models Reduces populations in the phylum Bacteroidetes and increases Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in human studies [17][18][19][20] Higher diet diversity is associated with a more diverse gut microbiome in human studies. Diet diversity has been reported to prevent allergic disease [21], but it's direct role in the management of food allergy has not been investigated [22][23][24] High levels of butyrate and proprioate and a diet high in fermented foods, fruit and vegetables and fish infancy is also associated with reduced allergy outcomes [25].…”

Section: Reduces Populations In the Phylum Bacteroidetes And Increasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Omega-6 fatty acids: enhance tight junctions [28] in murine models Long chain poly-unsaturated fatty acids particularly omega-3 fatty acids: suppress allergic inflammation via its effect on resolvin D1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) in murine models [29] Can also affect the FADS1 genotype (rs174550) [18,19] Acid; Docosahexaenoic Acid (long chain omega 3 fatty acids) [30,31] hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha [30,31] Dietary Sodium [32][33][34][35] Increased Th-17/T-regulatory ratio Dietary Genistein and Daidzein (soy isoflavones) [36] Decreased CRP Amino acids: play and important role in cell wall structures in murine models [37] Amino acids: Certain amino acids such as D-tryptophan may affect the production of bacterial products that can positively affect immune mediated diseases as shown in murine [37]. [38,39] AGEs may affect inflammatory processes, particularly via its effect on IL-33 and TSLP as shown in mice [40] AGEs: may negatively affect the microbiome composition as shown in a rodent model [41].…”

Section: Gut Barrier Function Inflammation Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and the Immune System: A Complicated Tango

et al. 2020

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Enthusiasm exists for the potential of diet to impact the immune system, prevent disease and its therapeutic potential. Herein, we describe the challenge to nutrition scientists in defining this relationship through case studies of diets and nutrients in the context of allergic and autoimmune diseases. Moderate-quality evidence exists from both human intervention and observational studies to suggest that diet and individual nutrients can influence systemic markers of immune function and inflammation; numerous challenges exist for demonstrating the impact of defined diets and nutrient interventions on clearly influencing immune-mediated-clinical disease endpoints. A growing body of evidence suggests that further consideration of dietary patterns, immune system and gut microbiome composition and function, and subsequent epigenetic modifications are needed to improve our understanding of diet–immune system interactions.

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Human Gut Microbiota: Dysbiosis and Manipulation

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Gut microbiota disturbance during antibiotic therapy

Gut microbiota disturbance during antibiotic therapy

A patient‐specific approach to develop an exclusion diet to manage food allergy in infants and children

Nutrition and the Immune System: A Complicated Tango

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