Human Health Importance of use of Antimicrobials in Animals and Its Selection of Antimicrobial Resistance

McEwen, Scott A.

doi:10.1002/9781118156247.ch21

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…As mentioned above in the methodology, there are currently no CLSI, EUCAST, or USFDA antibiotic susceptibility testing breakpoints standardizing E. coli's susceptibility to erythromycin because it is not considered clinically relevant. While it is true that erythromycin is not used to target E. coli infections in humans, erythromycin susceptibility of E. coli has been studied in previous works [49][50][51], and there is a very well-documented connection between antibiotic resistance in humans and the environment [52][53][54][55][56]. Much of the reason for antibiotic resistance's threat to public health is the particular proclivity of antibiotic resistance genes to be shared between bacteria.…”

Section: Environmental and Human Health Relevance Of Erythromycin Res...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Conventional, No Antibiotics, and Humane Family Owned Retail Broiler Chicken Meat

Sanchez

Whitener

Thulsiraj

et al. 2020

Animals

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The use of antibiotics for therapeutic and especially non-therapeutic purposes in livestock farms promotes the development of antibiotic resistance in previously susceptible bacteria through selective pressure. In this work, we examined E. coli isolates using the standard Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility protocol and the CLSI standards. Companies selling retail chicken products in Los Angeles, California were grouped into three production groupings—Conventional, No Antibiotics, and Humane Family Owned. Humane Family Owned is not a federally regulated category in the United States, but shows the reader that the chicken is incubated, hatched, raised, slaughtered, and packaged by one party, ensuring that the use of antibiotics in the entire production of the chicken is known and understood. We then examined the antibiotic resistance of the E. coli isolates (n = 325) by exposing them to seven common antibiotics, and resistance was seen to two of the antibiotics, ampicillin and erythromycin. As has been shown previously, it was found that for both ampicillin and erythromycin, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between Conventional and USDA (United States Department of Agriculture)-certified No Antibiotics chicken. Unique to this work, we additionally found that Humane Family Owned chicken had fewer (p ≤ 0.05) antibiotic-resistant E. coli isolates than both of the previous. Although not considered directly clinically relevant, we chose to test erythromycin because of its ecological significance to the environmental antibiotic resistome, which is not generally done. To our knowledge, Humane Family Owned consumer chicken has not previously been studied for its antibiotic resistance. This work contributes to a better understanding of a potential strategy of chicken production for the overall benefit of human health, giving evidentiary support to the One Health approach implemented by the World Health Organization.

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Section: Environmental and Human Health Relevance Of Erythromycin Res...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Conventional, No Antibiotics, and Humane Family Owned Retail Broiler Chicken Meat

Sanchez

Whitener

Thulsiraj

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant enterococci in food-of-animal origin has become a material of worry, as these unsusceptible bacteria can be diffused to humans by the food cycle (McEwen, 2011). Accordingly, infections by these microbes are considered a serious health hazard.…”

Section: Frequency Of Tetk Tetm Teto and Tets Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetracycline Resistance Genes Prevalence in Enterococcus spp. from Dairy Products in Egypt

Safe

2022

Egypt. J. Microbiol.

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T HE FREQUENCY and dispersion of tetracycline resistance and virulence traits were investigated in Enterococcus spp. isolated from milk and traditional cheeses in Egypt. Forty-seven presumptive enterococci were isolated, whereas thirty-four Enterococcus spp. isolates were examined for tetracycline antimicrobial sensitivity and antibiotic resistance genes (TET). The findings displayed that Enterococcus spp. isolates were highly resistant to amoxicillin /clavulanate, followed by oxytetracycline, ampicillin, tetracycline, doxytetracycline and ciprofloxacin. The frequency for tetracycline resistance genes( tet K , tetM , tetO and tet S) was estimated at 85.29% (29/34), 67.65% (23/34), 50 % (17/34) and 29.4 % (10/34) respectively. Six isolates out of seventeen were identified using 16SrRNA as Enterococcus faecalis. Seventeen isolates of Enterococcus spp. and Enterococcus facials isolates were tested for virulence traits. Findings displayed that all the tested Enterococci isolates produced biofilm and gelatinase enzyme except one isolate, which was negative for gelatinase production. On the other hand, all the tested isolates (17) were negative for hemolysin production. It could be concluded that Enterococcus spp. and E. faecalis have continually been recognized as adaptable pathogens, an indicator of faecal pollution in food, and documented for their aptitude to remove genetic material through portable genetic materials and distribute antibiotic resistance amongst extra bacteria. Therefore, faecal contamination of milk and its products must be prevented by applying strict hygienic measures and control of antibiotic use.

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“…These antibiotics are mostly administered directly to the aquaculture system by feed or submersion. According to the scientific literature, between 70 and 80% of prescribed antibiotics eventually enter water [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Biofilm Inhibitory Potential in Fish Pathogen, Aeromonas hydrophila by Agricultural Waste Extracts and Assessment of Aerolysin Inhibitors Using In Silico Approach

et al. 2023

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Aeromonas hydrophila, an opportunistic bacteria, causes several devastating diseases in humans and animals, particularly aquatic species. Antibiotics have been constrained by the rise of antibiotic resistance caused by drug overuse. Therefore, new strategies are required to prevent appropriate antibiotic inability from antibiotic-resistant strains. Aerolysin is essential for A. hydrophila pathogenesis and has been proposed as a potential target for inventing drugs with anti-virulence properties. It is a unique method of disease prevention in fish to block the quorum-sensing mechanism of A. hydrophila. In SEM analysis, the crude solvent extracts of both groundnut shells and black gram pods exhibited a reduction of aerolysin formation and biofilm matrix formation by blocking the QS in A. hydrophila. Morphological changes were identified in the extracts treated bacterial cells. Furthermore, in previous studies, 34 ligands were identified with potential antibacterial metabolites from agricultural wastes, groundnut shells, and black gram pods using a literature survey. Twelve potent metabolites showed interactions between aerolysin and metabolites during molecular docking analysis, in that H-Pyran-4-one-2,3 dihydro-3,5 dihydroxy-6-methyl (−5.3 kcal/mol) and 2-Hexyldecanoic acid (−5.2 kcal/mol) showed promising results with potential hydrogen bond interactions with aerolysin. These metabolites showed a better binding affinity with aerolysin for 100 ns in molecular simulation dynamics. These findings point to a novel strategy for developing drugs using metabolites from agricultural wastes that may be feasible pharmacological solutions for treating A. hydrophila infections for the betterment of aquaculture.

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Human Health Importance of use of Antimicrobials in Animals and Its Selection of Antimicrobial Resistance

Cited by 6 publications

References 76 publications

Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Conventional, No Antibiotics, and Humane Family Owned Retail Broiler Chicken Meat

Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Conventional, No Antibiotics, and Humane Family Owned Retail Broiler Chicken Meat

Tetracycline Resistance Genes Prevalence in Enterococcus spp. from Dairy Products in Egypt

Evaluating Biofilm Inhibitory Potential in Fish Pathogen, Aeromonas hydrophila by Agricultural Waste Extracts and Assessment of Aerolysin Inhibitors Using In Silico Approach

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