Human Health Risk of Some Heavy Metals Accumulated in Tomatoe, Cucumber, Potato, and Onion Grown in Dezful and Shushtar

Abstract

Background & Aims of the Study: This study aimed to evaluate the environmental risk and human health risk of heavy metals in some agricultural products cultivated in Dezful and Shushtar in 2020. Materials and Methods: In this research, 18 samples of 1 kg of crops grown on farms in the summer of 2020 were collected randomly from 6 stations in two areas of (Safiabad & Shamsabad farms) and two regions of Shushtar (Gelalak & Shoaibiyeh farms). ICP model Varian 710-ES measured heavy metals. Results: The average amount of zinc in tomatoes, cucumbers, potatoes, and onions grown in farms were 38.396, 23.440, 16.136, and 90.706 mg/kg, and in cultivated lands of Shushtar, 11.690, 6.730, 5.713, and 7.406 mg/kg were obtained. Analysis of variance showed that the heavy metals lead, cadmium, and chromium in crops of Dezful and Shushtar were significantly different (P<0.05), but in the case of zinc, copper, and nickel in tomato, cucumber, No significant difference was observed between potato and onion (P>0.05). In tomato and cucumber crops grown in Dezful and Shushtar and potatoes in Shushtar, the hazard values of cadmium, chromium, zinc, and copper were higher than 1. In the tomato crop and the potatoes grown in Shushtar, the lead metal risk index values were higher than 1. Nickel metal hazard index values were obtained in cultivated agricultural products of potatoes, cucumbers, and tomatoes in Shushtar and adults and children less than one. Conclusion: The carcinogenic rates of cadmium, chromium, and lead in the crops of Shushtar and were higher than the allowed limit of 4-10. The carcinogenicity rate of nickel metal in Shushtar and Dezful crops was 4-10 lower than the permitted limit.

Analysis and health risk assessments of heavy metals and nitrate migration into pickle beverages

“…In the literature, numerous studies have found heavy metal contents in various vegetables and fruits, including cucumber, tomato, mustard, cauliflower, cabbage, spinach, carrot, eggplant, red pepper, lettuce, grape, apple, and mango (Amer et al, 2019; Anjum et al, 2021; Bui et al, 2016; Islam et al, 2016; Payandeh et al, 2021; Prabagar et al, 2021; Raja et al, 2015). However, there is limited information on the heavy metal levels of various pickles produced in Turkey or other countries, and there is no research on pickle beverages in this matter.…”

“…Related vegetables may have been affected by different factors such as soil, irrigation water, industrial activities, and traffic in the environment in which they are grown, or they may have a structure that is more suitable for heavy metal accumulation than others. In the literature, numerous studies have found heavy metal contents in various vegetables and fruits, including cucumber, tomato, mustard, cauliflower, cabbage, spinach, carrot, eggplant, red pepper, lettuce, grape, apple, and mango (Amer et al, 2019;Anjum et al, 2021;Bui et al, 2016;Islam et al, 2016;Payandeh et al, 2021;Prabagar et al, 2021;Raja et al, 2015). However, there is limited information on the heavy metal levels of various pickles produced in Turkey or other countries, and there is no research on pickle beverages in this matter.…”

Heavy Metals in Surface Soils and Crops

“…Day by day, soil ecosystems become a place for harmful substances, scum, waste, and receiving harmful substances, and more than the weather, their pollution burden increases, and on the other hand, more and more Due to the construction of buildings, roads and urban and industrial facilities, a large amount of soil is taken out of the natural circulation and also from the agricultural area and becomes dead soil. Therefore, proper management to have a healthy soil is necessary for human survival [7]. Soils have a special advantage called self-purification and they are considered to be nature's purifiers, but the self-purification power of soil is less than the self-purification power of water and air due to its low exchange with other regions and areas, for this reason soil pollution, It is considered one of the most important types of environmental pollution [8].…”