Human herpes virus 8 infection in kidney transplant patients from an area of northwestern Italy (Piemonte region)

Bergallo, Massimiliano; Costa, Cristina; Margio, Samuela; Sidoti, Francesca; Re, Daniela; Segoloni, Giuseppe; Cavallo, Rossana

doi:10.1093/ndt/gfm056

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Higher detection rates of HHV‐8 DNA and plasma anti‐HHV‐8‐IgG were found in the hemodialysis patients compared to a sample of apparently healthy people (blood donors and pregnant women, which for purposes of analysis were combined as a single group). This result supports previous data showing the comparatively high prevalence of plasma anti‐HHV‐8 in patients with chronic renal failure when compared to controls from the same country [Qunibi et al, 1998; Regamey et al, 1998; Hsu et al, 2002; Bergallo et al, 2007; Caterino‐de‐Araujo et al, 2007; Lonard et al, 2007; Jalilvand et al, 2011].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Previous studies of HHV‐8 infection in hemodialysis patients were confined exclusively to determining the prevalence of anti‐HHV‐8 antibodies [Almuneef et al, 2001; Andreoni et al, 2001; Hsu et al, 2002; Di Stefano et al, 2006; Bergallo et al, 2007]. In the present study, conducted among Saudi Arabian patients with chronic renal failure receiving hemodialysis, the extent and diversity of oral HHV‐8 shed in saliva and oral cells were investigated, in addition to anti‐HHV‐8 seroprevalence determination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human herpesvirus 8 shedding in the mouth and blood of hemodialysis patients

Al-Otaibi

Moles

Porter

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Virology

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In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of transplantation‐associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is high, and there is disparity in the prevalence rates of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV‐8) infection between patients with renal disease and the general population. It was hypothesized that oral HHV‐8 transmission among patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment contributes to the high prevalence of infection in renal disease patients. The detection rates of anti‐HHV8‐IgG in plasma and HHV‐8‐DNA in CD45(+)‐peripheral blood cells of 72 hemodialysis patients were compared first with those of 178 blood donors and 60 pregnant women. Between the hemodialysis patients and the apparently healthy people sampled, the detection rate of anti‐HHV‐8‐IgG was 16.7% versus 0.4% (P < 0.001) and that of HHV‐8‐DNA was 4.2% versus 0.4%, (P < 0.05). HHV‐8 DNA was determined in oral samples and the HHV‐8 viral load measured in saliva of patients undergoing hemodialysis. The amount of virus shed into saliva ranged between 8,600 and 119,562,500 (mean: 24,009,360) genome‐equivalents/ml among the five patients in whom oral HHV‐8 DNA was detected. Finally, HHV‐8‐subgenomic sequencing was conducted which showed that orally shed HHV‐8 in four patients belonged to genotype C2, and in one patient to genotypes A1 and C2. HHV‐8 shed in the mouth of hemodialysis patients may be extensive and diverse. Oral fluid in addition to blood is thus a likely vehicle for transmission of HHV‐8, possibly contributing to the high risk of HHV‐8 infection in patients undergoing hemodialysis and to KS following immunosuppression after renal transplantation. J. Med. Virol. 84:792–797, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human herpesvirus 8 shedding in the mouth and blood of hemodialysis patients

Al-Otaibi

Moles

Porter

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Pre-existing HHV-8 seropositivity in the transplant population in endemic areas has been reported in the range of 4.9% to 16% [117][118][119]. The frequency of KS in solid-organ transplant recipients parallels the seroprevelance of HHV-8 infection in different regions of the world.…”

Section: Clinical Manifestations Of Hhv-8: Oncogenic and Non-oncogenimentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-CMV Viral Infections Following Solid-Organ Transplantation – Focus on Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type-1 and Human Herpesviruses-6,-7 and -8

Oikonomou¹,

Taimur²

2019

obm transplant

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In non-endemic regions of the world, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is an uncommon pathogen in the transplant host, but can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Careful assessment for risk factors, targeted screening and heightened awareness of the clinical presentation of HTLV-1 associated disease is necessary for timely recognition and management in the transplant host. The use of antiretroviral agents in the management of symptomatic disease due to HTLV-1 remains controversial. Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) has long been recognized as a pathogen in the transplant host however, establishing pathogenicity remains a challenge in clinical situations. Chromosomally integrated HHV-6 has been reported in ~1% of the solid-organ and allogeneic stem cell transplant population; and is often mistaken for active infection. Increased recognition of this entity is needed to avoid unnecessary use of antiviral medications. Current guidelines recommend against screening and treatment of asymptomatic HHV-6 infection in the solid-organ transplant host. Human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7) is often diagnosed as co-infection with other beta-herpesviruses, but pathogenicity is less clear. There continues to be no clinical syndrome solely attributable to HHV-7. Human

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“…Following initial infection, they can be maintained, in a dormant state, in the kidneys and lymphocytes. This family of viruses includes BK virus (BKV), JC virus (JCV), and simian virus 40 (SV40), all of which have been clinically observed in both normal and immunocompromised adults, such as those with AIDS and transplant recipients (Bergallo et al 2007). Through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequence analysis, it was observed that heightened combined levels of BKV, JCV, and SV40 were significantly more frequent (67 %) in postmortem brains of individuals having had ASD than in controls (23 %).…”

Section: Animal Analogues For Human Subjects With Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Potential Role of Inflammation as an Etiological Process in ASD

Elias

Sullivan

Lee

et al. 2015

Rev J Autism Dev Disord

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The heterogeneity in the behavioral presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be surpassed only by the level of heterogeneity in its etiology. There are diverse pathways to the singular diagnostic outcome of ASD, and several etiological risk factors have been proposed in recent years. This review paper examines the role of inflammation as one possible etiologic factor in ASD, juxtaposed in the context of research on the role of inflammation in other psychiatric disorders. Human, animal, and postmortem studies of inflammation in ASD were surveyed, and their direct and indirect contributions to developing potential inflammation-based treatments, as well as potential preventative considerations, in ASD were reviewed. Although the mechanisms that link inflammation and ASD remain unknown, there exists a sizable multidisciplinary literature suggesting inflammation as a trans-etiological process.

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Human herpes virus 8 infection in kidney transplant patients from an area of northwestern Italy (Piemonte region)

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Human herpesvirus 8 shedding in the mouth and blood of hemodialysis patients

Human herpesvirus 8 shedding in the mouth and blood of hemodialysis patients

Non-CMV Viral Infections Following Solid-Organ Transplantation – Focus on Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type-1 and Human Herpesviruses-6,-7 and -8

Exploring the Potential Role of Inflammation as an Etiological Process in ASD

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